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Digital Entry-Level Education in Physiotherapy : a Commentary to Inform Post-COVID-19 Future Directions
(2021-12) Rossettini, Giacomo; Turolla, Andrea; Guðjónsdóttir, Þjóðbjörg; Kapreli, Eleni; Salchinger, Beate; Verheyden, Geert; Palese, Alvisa; Dell’Isola, Andrea; de Caro, John Xerri; Faculty of Medicine
Currently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severely influences physiotherapy education which is based mostly on face-to-face teaching. Thus, educators have been compelled to adapt their pedagogical approaches moving to digital education. In this commentary, we debate on digital education highlighting its effectiveness, the users’ perspectives, and its weakness in the context of physiotherapy teaching aimed at informing post-COVID-19 future directions in this educational field. Existing evidence on digital education produced before COVID-19 supports its implementation into entry-level physiotherapy education. However, some challenges (e.g. social inequality and evaluation of students) threaten its applicability in post-COVID-19 era, calling educators to take appropriate actions.
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A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the survival, the failure, and the complication rates of veneered and monolithic all-ceramic implant-supported single crowns
(2021-10) Pétursson, Bjarni Elvar; Sailer, Irena; Latyshev, Andrey; Rabel, Kerstin; Kohal, Ralf Joachim; Karasan, Duygu; Faculty of Odontology
OBJECTIVE: To assess the survival, failure, and complication rates of veneered and monolithic all-ceramic implant-supported single crowns (SCs). METHODS: Literature search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until September 2020 for randomized, prospective, and retrospective clinical trials with follow-up time of at least 1 year, evaluating the outcome of veneered and/or monolithic all-ceramic SCs supported by titanium dental implants. Survival and complication rates were analyzed using robust Poisson's regression models. RESULTS: Forty-nine RCTs and prospective studies reporting on 57 material cohorts were included. Meta-analysis of the included studies indicated an estimated 3-year survival rate of veneered-reinforced glass-ceramic implant-supported SCs of 97.6% (95% CI: 87.0%-99.6%). The estimated 3-year survival rates were 97.0% (95% CI: 94.0%-98.5%) for monolithic-reinforced glass-ceramic implant SCs, 96.9% (95% CI: 93.4%-98.6%) for veneered densely sintered alumina SCs, 96.3% (95% CI: 93.9%-97.7%) for veneered zirconia SCs, 96.1% (95% CI: 93.4%-97.8%) for monolithic zirconia SCs and only 36.3% (95% CI: 0.04%-87.7%) for resin-matrix-ceramic (RMC) SCs. With the exception of RMC SCs (p < 0.0001), the differences in survival rates between the materials did not reach statistical significance. Veneered SCs showed significantly (p = 0.017) higher annual ceramic chipping rates (1.65%) compared with monolithic SCs (0.39%). The location of the SCs, anterior vs. posterior, did not influence survival and chipping rates. CONCLUSIONS: With the exception of RMC SCs, veneered and monolithic implant-supported ceramic SCs showed favorable short-term survival and complication rates. Significantly higher rates for ceramic chipping, however, were reported for veneered compared with monolithic ceramic SCs.
Verk
Living with the memories—parents’ experiences of their newborn child undergoing heart surgery abroad : A qualitative study
(2020-12-01) Kristjánsdóttir, Ólöf; Sjöström-Strand, Annica; Kristjánsdóttir, Guðrún; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery
Parents of children with a congenital heart defect needing complex heart surgery are at high risk of developing health problems. One can assume that parents whose child undergoes heart surgery abroad will undoubtably face added and unique stressors and health vulnerabilities. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the transition experiences of parents of children who underwent a complex heart surgery abroad as newborns 1–5 years ago. The qualitative content analysis methodology by Graneheim and Lundman was used. A purposive sample of twelve parents, whose child had undergone a heart surgery abroad, participated in face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis. The overarching theme of “living with the memories” emerged from parents’ experiences, emphasizing the long-lasting impact this stressful event had on their lives. These experiences were characterized by four main categories: (1) being in an unknown situation; (2) feeling connected; (3) wishing to be accepted; and (4) finding closure. The findings show that the transition of having a newborn child undergo heart surgery abroad superimposed on the expected parenthood. That parents need to feel connected and included as legitimate clients was highlighted in their stories of experienced vulnerabilities. The results highlight the need for interdisciplinary teams to support these vulnerable families, particularly with follow-up care.
Verk
Bullying, health complaints, and self-rated health among school-aged children and adolescents
(2020-02) Hansson, Erika; Garmy, Pernilla; Vilhjálmsson, Rúnar; Kristjánsdóttir, Guðrún; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery
Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine whether health complaints and self-reported health were associated with bullying victimization in a large cohort of Icelandic children and adolescents. Methods: In this study, we used data from a school-based cross-sectional survey, specifically, the Icelandic contribution to the international research network Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC). The study population included all students throughout Iceland in grades 6, 8, and 10 (mean age 13 years, standard deviation 1.61). The participation rate was 84% (N = 11,018). Participating students completed an anonymous standardized questionnaire in their classrooms. Results: Bullying victimization was associated with feeling depressed (odds ratio 2.61), having difficulty falling asleep, dizziness, and low self-reported health. No differences were found between sex and age groups. Conclusions: Children and adolescents who are bullied appear to more often experience depression, difficulties falling asleep, dizziness, and poor health; however, health complaints were also relatively high among non-bullied children and adolescents. Bullying prevention measures must be implemented in children’s and adolescents’ social environments. In addition to assessing bullying interventions, further research should focus on methods of enhancing resilience in this population.
Verk
Fæðingarsaga kvenna með alvarlega liðbólgusjúkdóma : Niðurstöður frá ICEBIO og Fæðingaskrá
(2019-06) ICEBIO; Læknadeild
Inngangur Mikilvægt er að leita frekari þekkingar á meðgöngu og fæðingu hjá konum með liðbólgusjúkdóma. Staðan hérlendis er óþekkt og höfum við því samkeyrt ICEBIO og Fæðingaskrá Embættis landlæknis til að kanna hugsanleg áhrif alvarlegra liðbólgusjúkdóma á meðgöngur og fæðingar íslenskra kvenna. Efniviður og aðferðir Skoðuð voru gagnlíkindahlutföll fyrir áhættu fyrirburafæðingar, keisaraskurðar, lágrar Apgar-einkunnar nýbura við 5 mínútur og lágrar fæðingarþyngdar, fyrir hvern sjúkdómshóp (iktsýki, sóragigt, hryggikt og óskilgreinda liðbólgu) miðað við viðmiðunarhópa. Meðgöngur og fæðingar eftir upphaf TNFα-hemlameðferðar (TNFi) voru bornar saman við fæðingar fyrir TNFi-meðferð og viðmiðunarhóp, með tilliti til sömu þátta. Niðurstöður Í lok árs 2016 voru 723 konur sem hafa fengið meðferð með TNFi skráðar í ICEBIO. Af þeim höfðu 412 fætt samtals 801 barn. Þar af fæddust 597 börn fyrir sjúkdómsgreiningu móður og 53 börn eftir að meðferð með TNFi hófst. Hlutfallsleg hætta á keisaraskurði meðal þessara kvenna var 1,47 (95% ÖB: 1,19-1,82; pkvenna með sóragigt, eða 2,06 (1,41-3,02; paukin hætta á fyrirburafæðingu eða lágri Apgar-einkunn. Hætta á lágri fæðingarþyngd var minni meðal kvenna með liðbólgusjúkdóma, eða 0,37 (0,36-0,37; p(n=53). Ályktun Íslenskar konur með alvarlega liðbólgusjúkdóma eru líklegri til að fæða með keisaraskurði en heilbrigður viðmiðunarhópur. Nýburum þeirra vegnar jafn vel og nýburum annarra kvenna. Ekki liggja fyrir næg gögn um fæðingar eftir upphaf TNFi-meðferðar til þess að hægt sé að álykta um áhrif TNFi á meðgöngur og fæðingar íslenskra kvenna með alvarlega liðbólgusjúkdóma.