Titill: | Gradual caldera collapse at Bárdarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow |
Höfundur: |
... 38 fleiri höfundar Sýna alla höfunda |
Útgáfa: | 2016-07-14 |
Tungumál: | Enska |
Umfang: | aaf8988 |
Háskóli/Stofnun: | Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
Svið: | Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) |
Deild: | Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Iðnaðarverkfræði-, vélaverkfræði- og tölvunarfræðideild (HÍ) Faculty of Industrial Eng., Mechanical Eng. and Computer Science (UI) |
Birtist í: | Science;353(6296) |
ISSN: | 0036-8075 1095-9203 (e-ISSN) |
DOI: | 10.1126/science.aaf8988 |
Efnisorð: | Caldera collapse; Eruption; Lateral Magma Flow; Glacier Dynamics; Bárðarbunga; Öskjugos; Eldgos; Hraunrennsli |
URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/190 |
Tilvitnun:Gudmundsson, M. T., Jónsdóttir, K., Hooper, A., Holohan, E. P., Halldórsson, S. A., Ófeigsson, B. G., . . . Aiuppa, A. (2016). Gradual caldera collapse at Bárdarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow. Science, 353(6296). doi:10.1126/science.aaf8988
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Útdráttur:Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof of a crustal
magma reservoir, forming a caldera. Only a few such collapses occur per century, and the lack of detailed observations has obscured insight into the mechanical interplay between collapse and eruption.We usemultiparameter geophysical and geochemical data to show that the 110-square kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014–2015 was initiated through withdrawal of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoir. Interaction between the pressure exerted by the subsiding reservoir roof and the physical properties of the subsurface flow path explain the gradual, near exponential decline of both collapse rate and the intensity of the 180-day- long eruption.
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Leyfi:Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science
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