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Assessing the Effects of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Soil Properties and Plant Diversity in Northeastern U.S. Hardwood Forests: Model Setup and Evaluation

Assessing the Effects of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Soil Properties and Plant Diversity in Northeastern U.S. Hardwood Forests: Model Setup and Evaluation


Title: Assessing the Effects of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Soil Properties and Plant Diversity in Northeastern U.S. Hardwood Forests: Model Setup and Evaluation
Author: Belyazid, Salim
Phelan, Jennifer
Nihlgård, Bengt
Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik   orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-8367
Driscoll, Charles
Fernandez, Ivan
Aherne, Julian
Teeling-Adams, Leslie M.
Bailey, Scott
Arsenault, Matt
... 6 more authors Show all authors
Date: 2019-04-29
Language: English
Scope: 106
University/Institute: Háskóli Íslands
University of Iceland
School: Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)
Department: Faculty of Industrial Eng., Mechanical Eng. and Computer Science (UI)
Iðnaðarverkfræði-, vélaverkfræði- og tölvunarfræðideild (HÍ)
Series: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution;230(5)
ISSN: 0049-6979
1573-2932 (eISSN)
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-019-4145-6
Subject: Bear Brook; Ecosystem modeling; ForSAFE-Veg; Hubbard Brook; Plant biodiversity; Vegetation modeling; Loftslagsbreytingar; Loftmengun; Jarðvegur; Líkön
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1756

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Citation:

Belyazid, S., Phelan, J., Nihlgård, B. et al. Assessing the Effects of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Soil Properties and Plant Diversity in Northeastern U.S. Hardwood Forests: Model Setup and Evaluation. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 230, 106 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-019-4145-6

Abstract:

The integrated forest ecosystem model ForSAFE-Veg was used to simulate soil processes and understory vegetation composition at three—sugar maple, beech, yellow birch—hardwood forest sites in the Northeastern United States (one at Hubbard Brook, NH, and two at Bear Brook, ME). Input data were pooled from a variety of sources and proved coherent and consistent. While the biogeochemical component ForSAFE was used with limited calibration, the ground vegetation composition module Veg was calibrated to field relevés. Evaluating different simulated ecosystem indicators (soil solution chemistry, tree biomass, ground vegetation composition) showed that the model performed comparably well regardless of the site’s soil condition, climate, and amounts of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition, with the exception of failing to capture tree biomass decline at Hubbard Brook. The model performed better when compared with annual observation than monthly data. The results support the assumption that the biogeochemical model ForSAFE can be used with limited calibration and provide reasonable confidence, while the vegetation community composition module Veg requires calibration if the individual plant species are of interest. The study welcomes recent advances in empirically explaining the responses of hardwood forests to nutrient imbalances and points to the need for more research.

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Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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