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Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study

Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study


Title: Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study
Author: Gestsdottir, Sunna   orcid.org/0000-0002-6252-0453
Svansdottir, Erla   orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-3195
Sigurðsson, Héðinn
Arnarsson, Arsaell   orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-8416
Ommundsen, Yngvar
Arngrímsson, Sigurbjörn Árni
Sveinsson, Thorarinn   orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-5514
Jóhannsson, Erlingur
Date: 2018
Language: English
Scope: 81-93
University/Institute: Háskóli Íslands
University of Iceland
Háskólinn á Akureyri
University of Akureyri
School: Menntavísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Education (UI)
Hug- og félagsvísindasvið (HA)
School of Humanities and Social Sciences (UA)
Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Health Sciences (UI)
Series: Health Psychology Report;6(1)
ISSN: 2353-4184
2353-5571 (eISSN)
DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2018.71201
Subject: Body image; Fitness; Physical activity; Exercise; Youth; Líkamsímynd; Heilsufar; Hreyfing (heilsurækt); Líkamsrækt; Ungt fólk
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/820

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Citation:

Gestsdottir, S., Svansdottir, E., Sigurdsson, H., Arnarsson, A., Ommundsen, Y., Arngrimsson, S., . . . Johannsson, E. (2017). Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study. Health Psychology Report, 6(1), 81-93. doi:10.5114/hpr.2018.71201

Abstract:

background Body image dissatisfaction has been linked with a range of adverse psychosocial outcomes in both genders and has become an important public health issue. Across all ages, women have reported being more dissatisfied with their bodies than men. The aim of the current study was to examine if fitness and physical activity associate with body image satisfaction differently across gender and age, measured in the same participants. participants and procedure Participants were measured initially at age 15 years (N = 385) and again at age 23 years (N = 201). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the association between body image satisfaction, fitness, and physical activity. Covariates included skinfold thickness, body mass index, socioeconomic status, anxiety, and depression. results Fitness and physical activity declined during the study period, body mass index increased, but no changes were found in body image satisfaction, depression, anxiety, or skinfold thickness. For women at ages 15 and 23 years, self-reported fitness and depression were found to be related to body image satisfaction, including body mass index at the age of 23 years. For 15-year-old men, skinfold thickness and aerobic fitness related to body image satisfaction, whereas skinfold thickness, depression, body mass index, and self-reported fitness did so at age 23 years. conclusions Results suggest that different approaches are needed across gender to improve body image in adolescence whereas more similar ones can be used in emerging adulthood.

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

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