Title: | Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study |
Author: |
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Date: | 2018 |
Language: | English |
Scope: | 81-93 |
University/Institute: | Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland Háskólinn á Akureyri University of Akureyri |
School: | Menntavísindasvið (HÍ) School of Education (UI) Hug- og félagsvísindasvið (HA) School of Humanities and Social Sciences (UA) Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Health Sciences (UI) |
Series: | Health Psychology Report;6(1) |
ISSN: | 2353-4184 2353-5571 (eISSN) |
DOI: | 10.5114/hpr.2018.71201 |
Subject: | Body image; Fitness; Physical activity; Exercise; Youth; Líkamsímynd; Heilsufar; Hreyfing (heilsurækt); Líkamsrækt; Ungt fólk |
URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/820 |
Citation:Gestsdottir, S., Svansdottir, E., Sigurdsson, H., Arnarsson, A., Ommundsen, Y., Arngrimsson, S., . . . Johannsson, E. (2017). Different factors associate with body image in adolescence than in emerging adulthood: A gender comparison in a follow-up study. Health Psychology Report, 6(1), 81-93. doi:10.5114/hpr.2018.71201
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Abstract:background
Body image dissatisfaction has been linked with a range
of adverse psychosocial outcomes in both genders and has
become an important public health issue. Across all ages,
women have reported being more dissatisfied with their
bodies than men. The aim of the current study was to examine
if fitness and physical activity associate with body
image satisfaction differently across gender and age, measured
in the same participants.
participants and procedure
Participants were measured initially at age 15 years
(N = 385) and again at age 23 years (N = 201). Structural
equation modelling was used to examine the association
between body image satisfaction, fitness, and physical
activity. Covariates included skinfold thickness, body
mass index, socioeconomic status, anxiety, and depression.
results
Fitness and physical activity declined during the study
period, body mass index increased, but no changes were
found in body image satisfaction, depression, anxiety, or
skinfold thickness. For women at ages 15 and 23 years,
self-reported fitness and depression were found to be related
to body image satisfaction, including body mass index
at the age of 23 years. For 15-year-old men, skinfold
thickness and aerobic fitness related to body image satisfaction,
whereas skinfold thickness, depression, body mass
index, and self-reported fitness did so at age 23 years.
conclusions
Results suggest that different approaches are needed across
gender to improve body image in adolescence whereas
more similar ones can be used in emerging adulthood.
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Rights:This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
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