Opin vísindi

Fracturing and tectonic stress drive ultrarapid magma flow into dikes

Fracturing and tectonic stress drive ultrarapid magma flow into dikes


Title: Fracturing and tectonic stress drive ultrarapid magma flow into dikes
Author: Sigmundsson, Freysteinn   orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-4665
Parks, Michelle
Geirsson, Halldór
Hooper, Andrew
Drouin, Vincent   orcid.org/0000-0002-5340-0484
Vogfjörd, Kristín S.
Ófeigsson, Benedikt G.
Greiner, Sonja H. M.
Yang, Yilin
Lanzi, Chiara
... 7 more authors Show all authors
Date: 2024-03-15
Language: English
Scope: 1228-1235
University/Institute: Háskóli Íslands
University of Iceland
School: Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)
Department: Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ)
Institute of Earth Sciences (UI)
Series: Science;383(6688)
ISSN: 0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.adn2838
Subject: Bergkvika; Berggangar; Jarðskorpuhreyfingar; Magma; Magma flow; Dike; Fracturing; Tectonic stress; Magma, Magma flow, dike, fracturing, tectonic stress,
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/5296

Show full item record

Citation:

Sigmundson F. et al. (2024). Fracturing and tectonic stress drive ultrarapid magma flow into dikes, Science, 383, Issue 6688, pp. 1228-1235, DOI: 10.1126/science.adn2838

Abstract:

Many examples of exposed giant dike swarms can be found where lateral magma flow exceeded hundreds of kilometers. We show that massive magma flow into dikes can be established with only modest overpressure in a magma body, if a large enough pathway opens at its boundary, and gradual build-up of high tensile stress has occurred along the dike pathway prior to onset of diking. This explains rapid initial magma flow rates, modeled up to about 7400 m3/s into a dike approximately 15-km-long, propagating under the town of Grindavík, SW-Iceland, in November 2023. Such high flow rates provide insight into the formation of major dikes and imply a serious hazard potential for high flow-rate intrusions that propagate to the surface and transition into eruptions.

Files in this item

This item appears in the following Collection(s)