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Quantifying the Effect of Wind on Volcanic Plumes: Implications for Plume Modeling

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dc.contributor Háskóli Íslands
dc.contributor University of Iceland
dc.contributor.author Dürig, Tobias
dc.contributor.author Guðmundsson, Magnús T.
dc.contributor.author Dioguardi, Fabio
dc.contributor.author Schmidt, Louise Steffensen
dc.date.accessioned 2023-01-25T13:34:18Z
dc.date.available 2023-01-25T13:34:18Z
dc.date.issued 2023-01-13
dc.identifier.issn 2169-897X
dc.identifier.issn 2169-8996
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/3899
dc.description.abstract The considerable effects that wind can have on estimates of mass eruption rates (MERs) in explosive eruptions based on volcanic plume height are well known but difficult to quantify rigorously. Many explicitly wind-affected plume models have the additional difficulty that they require the use of centerline heights of bent-over plumes, a parameter not easily obtained directly from observational data. We tested two such models by using the time series of varying plume heights and windspeeds of the 2010 eruption. The mapped fallout and photos taken during this eruption allow us to estimate the plume geometry and to empirically constrain input parameters for the two models tested. Two strategies are presented to correct the difference in maximum plume height and centerline height: (a) based on plume radius, and (b) by using the plume type parameter Π, which quantifies the relative influence of buoyancy and cross-wind on the plume dynamics, to discriminate weak, intermediate and strong plumes. The results indicate that it may be more appropriate to classify plumes as either wind-dominated, intermediate or buoyancy-dominated, where the relative effects of both wind and MER define the type. The analysis of the Eyjafjallajökull data shows that the MER estimates from both models are considerably improved when a plume-type dependent centerline-correction is applied. For one model, we varied the wind entrainment coefficient β. For this particular eruption, we find that the best value for β lies between 0.28 and 0.36, unlike previous suggestions that set this parameter to 0.50.
dc.description.sponsorship
dc.description.sponsorship Icelandic Research Fund. Grant number:206527-051
dc.language.iso en
dc.publisher American Geophysical Union (AGU)
dc.relation.ispartofseries Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres;128(2)
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject Space and Planetary Science
dc.subject Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
dc.subject Atmospheric Science
dc.subject Geophysics
dc.subject ash plumes
dc.subject wind entrainment
dc.subject Loftslagsfræði
dc.subject Jarðeðlisfræði
dc.subject Gosmökkur
dc.title Quantifying the Effect of Wind on Volcanic Plumes: Implications for Plume Modeling
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.description.version Pre-print (óritrýnt handrit)
dc.identifier.journal Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
dc.identifier.doi 10.1029/2022JD037781
dc.contributor.department Raunvísindastofnun (HÍ)
dc.contributor.department Science Institute (UI)
dc.contributor.school Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
dc.contributor.school School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)


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