Opin vísindi

The impact of tonsillectomy on chronic plaque psoriasis. A clinical, psychosocial and immunological study

The impact of tonsillectomy on chronic plaque psoriasis. A clinical, psychosocial and immunological study


Title: The impact of tonsillectomy on chronic plaque psoriasis. A clinical, psychosocial and immunological study
Author: Þorleifsdóttir, Ragna Hlín
Advisor: Helgi Valdimarsson
Date: 2016-12
Language: English
University/Institute: Háskóli Íslands
University of Iceland
School: Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Health Sciences (UI)
Department: Læknadeild (HÍ)
Faculty of Medicine (UI)
ISBN: 9789935931948
Subject: Psoriasis; Tonsillectomy; Streptococcal throat infection; HLACw*0602; Sóríasis; Háls-, nef- og eyrnasjúkdómar; Heilsufar; Lífsgæði; Doktorsritgerðir
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/158

Show full item record

Abstract:

 
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with a strong genetic background and profound effects on psychosocial wellbeing. Streptococcal throat infections are known to trigger or exacerbate psoriasis in some patients, and several studies support the benefit of tonsillectomy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical, psychosocial and immunological effects tonsillectomy has on plaque psoriasis and to define further the association between throat infections and the onset or exacerbation of psoriasis. Initially a prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted where 29 comparable patients with plaque psoriasis and a history of sore throat-associated psoriasis exacerbation were randomly selected to tonsillectomy (n = 15) or control (n = 14) groups. The patients were monitored for 24 months by the same observer, who was unaware of patients’ tonsil status. Later, 13 additional patients with plaque psoriasis were assigned to the tonsillectomy group, but analysed separately as their follow-up was not observer-blinded. The patients were evaluated clinically using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psoriasis-related stress were assessed with the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) and the Psoriasis Life Stress Inventory (PLSI). Immunological assessment consisted of enumeration of M/K peptide-reactive (responsive to homologous streptococcal M-proteins or skin keratin peptides) skin-homing T cells in tonsils and blood. All patients were genotyped for HLA-Cw*0602. Finally, a retrospective study-specific questionnaire, which sampled 275 patients with psoriasis, was used to estimate the proportion of patients with psoriasis with sore throat-associated psoriasis exacerbations. The tonsillectomy group showed a significant clinical improvement compared with the controls (p < 0.001). Mean PASI scores decreased by 30% to 90% for 13 out of 15 (87%) tonsillectomized patients and up to 60% of patients reached a PASI 50 response (50% reduction in PASI score). HRQoL and stress associated with psoriasis also improved significantly in the tonsillectomy group compared with the control group (p = 0.037 and p = 0.002, respectively) with a significant positive correlation between clinical improvement and improved HRQoL (r = 0.297, p = 0.008) and psoriasis-related stress (r = 0.310, p = 0.005). Furthermore, there was a close correlation between the extent of clinical improvement and decrease in the frequency of circulating M/K peptide-reactive skin-homing Tc17 (CD8+IL-17+, r = 0.560, p < 0.001), Th17 (CD4+IL-17+, r = 0.452, p < 0.003) and Tc1 (CD8+IFNγ+, r = 0.594, p < 0.001) cells. No corresponding clinical, psychosocial or immunologic changes were observed among the controls. Patients who were homozygous for the HLA-Cw*0602 allele improved significantly more after tonsillectomy, both clinically (p < 0.001) and in terms of improved HRQoL (p < 0.001) compared with heterozygous and HLA-Cw*0602-negative patients. Thus, all HLA-Cw*0602 homozygotes achieved PASI 75 by month 6 and PASI 90 by month 12. Moreover, the homozygous patients had significantly more frequent streptococcal throat infections per lifetime (p = 0.038), and could more often trace the onset of their psoriasis to a sore throat (p = 0.007) than the heterozygous and HLA-Cw*0602-negative patients. The retrospective study revealed that 42% of patients with plaque psoriasis have sore throat-associated psoriasis aggravations, and 72% of patients with plaque psoriasis with a confirmed streptococcal throat infection reported associated psoriasis exacerbation. These findings collectively suggest a closer association between streptococcal throat infections and plaque psoriasis than previously reported and that tonsillectomy can have a beneficial effect on both skin lesions and quality of life in a subset of patients with psoriasis, especially those that are homozygous HLA-Cw*0602 carriers.
 
Sóri (e. psoriasis) er langvinnur ónæmismiðlaður bólgusjúkdómur í húð með sterkan erfðafræðilegan bakgrunn og veruleg neikvæð áhrif á lífgæði sjúklinga. Streptókokka hálsbólgur geta framkallað eða valdið versnun á einkennum hjá sumum sjúklingum, og nokkrar rannsóknir benda til þess að sóri geti batnað eftir hálskirtlatöku. Markmið rannsóknarinnar var að meta áhrif hálskirtlatöku á skellusóra með tilliti til klínískra, sálfélagslegra og ónæmisfræðilegra þátta ásamt því að kanna nánar tengslin milli hálsbólgu og sóra. Í upphafi var gerð slembiröðuð framskyggn samanburðarrannsókn þar sem 29 sambærilegum sjúklingum með skellusóra, og sögu um versnun í tengslum við hálsbólgur, var skipt í tvo hópa. Annar hópurinn fór í hálskirtlatöku (n = 15) en hinn var viðmiðunarhópur (n = 14). Sjúklingarnir voru metnir með reglulegu millibili í 24 mánuði af lækni sem var blindaður með tilliti til hópaskiptingar. Síðar var 13 sjúklingum bætt við hálskirtlatökuhópinn en eftirfylgni þeirra var ekki blinduð og því voru gögn þeirra aðskilin upprunalega hálskirtlatökuhópnum. Breytingar á útbreiðslu og virkni sóra voru klínískt metnar með PASI skori (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) og heilsutengd lífsgæði voru metin með Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI skali) og Psoriasis Life Stress Inventory (PLSI skali). Jafnframt var tíðni húðsækinna T eitilfrumna sem virkjast bæði af peptíðum streptókokka, og samsvarandi peptíðum sem eru yfirtjáð í sóraskellum (víxlvirkar T eitilfrumur) metin í blóði og hálskirtlum. HLA-Cw*0602 arfgerð var greind hjá öllum sjúklingum. Að lokum svöruðu 275 sórasjúklingar afturskyggnum spurningalista, en markmið hans var að meta hlutfall sórasjúklinga sem finna fyrir versnun á húðeinkennum við hálsbólgur. Hálskirtlatökuhópurinn sýndi marktækan viðvarandi bata samanborið við viðmiðunarhóp (p < 0.001). Meðal PASI skor hjá 13 af 15 (87%) sjúklinga lækkaði um 30% til 90% og nálægt 60% af sjúklingum náðu PASI 50 (50% lækkun á PASI skori). Sjúklingar greindu frá auknum lífsgæðum (p = 0.037) og minni sóra tengdri streitu (p < 0.002) eftir aðgerðina og marktæk fylgni var milli klínísks bata og aukinna lífgæða (r = 0.297, p = 0.008) og minni streitu tengdri sóra (r = 0.310, p = 0.005). Auk þess var sterk marktæk fylgni milli klínísks bata og fækkunar á víxlvirkum húðsæknum Tc17 (CD8+IL-17+, r = 0.560, p < 0.001), Th17 (CD4+IL-17+, r = 0.452, p < 0.003) og Tc1 (CD8+IFN-γ+, r = 0.594, p < 0.001) frumum. Engar samsvarandi klínískar, sálfélagslegar eða ónæmisfræðilegar breytingar 2 sáust meðal sjúklinga viðmiðunarhóps. Arfhreinir HLA-Cw*0602 sjúklingar sýndu marktækt meiri bata eftir hálskirtlatöku, bæði í formi klínískra einkenna (p < 0.001) og lífsgæða (p < 0.001), samanborið við arfblendna og neikvæða HLA-Cw*0602 sjúklinga. Þannig höfðu allir arfhreinir HLA-Cw*0602 sjúklingar náð PASI 75 eftir 6 mánuði og PASI 90 eftir 12 mánuði. Að auki höfðu arfhreinir sjúklingar marktækt oftar fengið streptókokka hálsbólgur um ævina (p = 0.038), og þeir röktu oftar upphaf sóraútbrota sinna til hálsbólgu (p = 0.007). Afturvirki spurningalistinn leiddi í ljós að 42% sjúklinga með skellusóra höfðu fundið fyrir versun á húðeinkennum tengdum hálsbólgum. Að auki höfðu 72% af sjúklingum með skellusóra, sem höfðu greinst með streptókokkasýkingu í hálsi, fundið fyrir versnun á sóra. Þessar niðurstöður benda til náinna tengsla milli streptokokka sýkinga í hálsi og skellusóra, og að hálskirtlataka geti haft góð áhrif á bæði húðeinkenni og lífsgæði í undirhópi sórasjúklinga, sérstaklega hjá þeim sem eru HLA-Cw*0602 arfhreinir
 

Rights:

Thesis for a doctoral degree at the University of Iceland. All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission of the copyright holder.

Files in this item

This item appears in the following Collection(s)