dc.contributor |
Háskóli Íslands |
dc.contributor |
University of Iceland |
dc.contributor.author |
Zafar, T |
dc.contributor.author |
Møller, P |
dc.contributor.author |
Watson, D |
dc.contributor.author |
Lattanzio, J |
dc.contributor.author |
Hopkins, A M |
dc.contributor.author |
Karakas, A |
dc.contributor.author |
Fynbo, J P U |
dc.contributor.author |
Tanvir, N R |
dc.contributor.author |
Selsing, J |
dc.contributor.author |
Jakobsson, Pall |
dc.contributor.author |
Heintz, K E |
dc.contributor.author |
Kann, D A |
dc.contributor.author |
Groves, B |
dc.contributor.author |
Kulkarni, V |
dc.contributor.author |
Covino, S |
dc.contributor.author |
D’Elia, V |
dc.contributor.author |
Japelj, J |
dc.contributor.author |
Corre, D |
dc.contributor.author |
Vergani, S |
dc.date.accessioned |
2019-10-01T15:30:11Z |
dc.date.available |
2019-10-01T15:30:11Z |
dc.date.issued |
2018-07-19 |
dc.identifier.citation |
T Zafar, P Møller, D Watson, J Lattanzio, A M Hopkins, A Karakas, J P U Fynbo, N R Tanvir, J Selsing, P Jakobsson, K E Heintz, D A Kann, B Groves, V Kulkarni, S Covino, V D’Elia, J Japelj, D Corre, S Vergani, X-shooting GRBs at high redshift: probing dust production history, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 480, Issue 1, October 2018, Pages 108–118, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1876 |
dc.identifier.issn |
0035-8711 |
dc.identifier.issn |
1365-2966 (eISSN) |
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1280 |
dc.description |
Publisher's version (útgefin grein) |
dc.description.abstract |
Evolved asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are important contributors to the elements that form dust in the interstellar medium of galaxies, in particular, carbon and iron. However, they require at least a Gyr to start producing these elements, therefore, a change in dust quantity or properties may appear at high redshifts. In this work, we use extinction of γ-ray burst (GRB) afterglows as a tool to look for variations in dust properties at z ≥ 3. We use a spectroscopically selected sample of GRB afterglows observed with the VLT/X-shooter instrument to determine extinction curves out to high redshifts. We present 10 new z ≥ 3 X-shooter GRBs of which six are dusty. Combining these with individual extinction curves of three previously known z ≥ 3 GRBs, we find an average extinction curve consistent with the SMC-Bar. A comparison with spectroscopically selected GRBs at all redshifts indicates a drop in visual extinction (AV) at z > 3.5 with no moderate or high-extinction bursts. We check for observational bias using template spectra and find that GRBs up to z ∼ 8 are detectable with X-shooter up to AV ∼ 0.3 mag. Although other biases are noted, a uniformly low dust content above z > 3.5 indicates a real drop, suggesting a transition in dust properties and/or available dust building blocks. The remarkable increase in dust content at z < 3.5 could arise due to carbon and possibly iron production by the first carbon-rich AGB and Type Ia SNe, respectively. Alternatively, z > 3.5 dust drop could be the result of low stellar masses of GRB host galaxies. |
dc.description.sponsorship |
We are thankful to James Dunlop for a useful referee report. TZ is thankful to Maryam Arabsalmani for helpful discussions. The X-ray data for this work are obtained from the UK Swift Science Data Center at the University of Leicester. We are thankful to Pilar Gil Pons and Carolyn Doherty for useful discussions. DW is supported by Independent Research Fund Denmark grant DFF - 7014-00017. JJ acknowledges support from NOVA and NWO-FAPESP grant for advanced instrumentation in astronomy. |
dc.format.extent |
108-118 |
dc.language.iso |
en |
dc.publisher |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;480(1) |
dc.rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.subject |
Gamma-ray burst |
dc.subject |
Dust, extinction |
dc.subject |
Galaxies: high-redshift |
dc.subject |
Vetrarbrautir |
dc.subject |
Gammageislar |
dc.subject |
Heimsfræði |
dc.title |
X-shooting GRBs at high redshift: probing dust production history |
dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dcterms.license |
© 2018 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society
This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/about_us/legal/notices) |
dc.description.version |
Peer Reviewed |
dc.identifier.journal |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1093/mnras/sty1876 |
dc.relation.url |
http://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/480/1/108/25231141/sty1876.pdf |
dc.contributor.department |
Raunvísindastofnun (HÍ) |
dc.contributor.department |
Science Institute (UI) |
dc.contributor.school |
Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) |
dc.contributor.school |
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) |