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Evolution of Tourism in Natural Destinations and Dynamic Sustainable Thresholds over Time

Evolution of Tourism in Natural Destinations and Dynamic Sustainable Thresholds over Time


Title: Evolution of Tourism in Natural Destinations and Dynamic Sustainable Thresholds over Time
Author: Hördur   orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-9720
Olafsdottir, Rannveig   orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-0670
Date: 2018-12-15
Language: English
Scope: 4788
University/Institute: Háskóli Íslands
University of Iceland
School: Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)
Department: Líf- og umhverfisvísindadeild (HÍ)
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences (UI)
Series: Sustainability;10(12)
ISSN: 2071-1050
DOI: 10.3390/su10124788
Subject: System dynamics; Causal Loop Diagram; Sustainable Tourism Management; Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC); Purism scale; Tourism; Ferðaþjónusta; Sjálfbær ferðaþjónusta
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1085

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Citation:

Haraldsson, H.V.; Ólafsdóttir, R. Evolution of Tourism in Natural Destinations and Dynamic Sustainable Thresholds over Time. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4788. doi:10.3390/su10124788

Abstract:

Tourism is a complex industry involving numerous types of activities that can have adverse environmental impacts and, over time, gradually change the way tourists experience tourist destinations and their choice of particular tourist destinations. The overall aim of this study is to examine the impact of tourism destination exploitation upon the perceived attractiveness of a particular destination to different types of visitors using the Purism Scale coupled to the Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC). The study uses the system dynamics Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) approach, to analyse feedback loop behaviour and causal loop impacts over time. The results show that the different visitors’ types, as defined by the Purist Scale, affect the attractiveness of the tourist destination in different ways over time. The results further show that different visitors’ types cannot exist at their own optimum level at the same time in a destination. The concept tourism carrying capacity should thus be defined through the maximum site attractiveness,-based upon the optimum size of infrastructure that ensures low visual effect, low crowding effect, and low environmental impact. This enables better understanding of the different evolution phases of the tourist site during its push for infrastructure development.

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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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