Empirical relationships between bone density and ultimate strength: A literature review

dc.contributorHáskóli Íslandsen_US
dc.contributorUniversity of Icelanden_US
dc.contributor.authorFleps, Ingmar
dc.contributor.authorBahaloo, Hassan
dc.contributor.authorZysset, Philippe K.
dc.contributor.authorFerguson, Stephen J.
dc.contributor.authorPálsson, Halldór
dc.contributor.authorHelgason, Benedikt
dc.contributor.departmentIðnaðarverkfræði-, vélaverkfræði- og tölvunarfræðideild (HÍ)en_US
dc.contributor.departmentFaculty of Industrial Eng., Mechanical Eng. and Computer Science (UI)en_US
dc.contributor.schoolVerkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)en_US
dc.contributor.schoolSchool of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-09T15:06:43Z
dc.date.available2020-11-09T15:06:43Z
dc.date.issued2020-10
dc.descriptionPublisher's version (útgefin grein)en_US
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Ultimate strength-density relationships for bone have been reported with widely varying results. Reliable bone strength predictions are crucial for many applications that aim to assess bone failure. Bone density and bone morphology have been proposed to explain most of the variance in measured bone strength. If this holds true, it could lead to the derivation of a single ultimate strength-density-morphology relationship for all anatomical sites. Methods: All relevant literature was reviewed. Ultimate strength-density relationships derived from mechanical testing of human bone tissue were included. The reported relationships were translated to ultimate strength-apparent density relationships and normalized with respect to strain rate. Results were grouped based on bone tissue type (cancellous or cortical), anatomical site, and loading mode (tension vs. compression). When possible, the relationships were compared to existing ultimate strength-density-morphology relationships. Results: Relationships that considered bone density and morphology covered the full spectrum of eight-fold inter-study difference in reported compressive ultimate strength-density relationships for trabecular bone. This was true for studies that tested specimens in different loading direction and tissue from different anatomical sites. Sparse data was found for ultimate strength-density relationships in tension and for cortical bone properties transverse to the main loading axis of the bone. Conclusions: Ultimate strength-density-morphology relationships could explain measured strength across anatomical sites and loading directions. We recommend testing of bone specimens in other directions than along the main trabecular alignment and to include bone morphology in studies that investigate bone material properties. The lack of tensile strength data did not allow for drawing conclusions on ultimate strength-density-morphology relationships. Further studies are needed. Ideally, these studies would investigate both tensile and compressive strength-density relationships, including morphology, to close this gap and lead to more accurate evaluation of bone failure.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the grant #2018-430 of the Strategic Focal Area “Personized Health and Related Technologies” of the ETH Domain, ETH Zurich , Switzerland and the St. Josef ‘s Hospital Fund , Reykjavik, Iceland.en_US
dc.description.versionPeer Revieweden_US
dc.format.extent103866en_US
dc.identifier.citationFleps, I., Bahaloo, H., Zysset, P., Ferguson, S., Pálsson, H., & Helgason, B. (2020). Empirical relationships between bone density and ultimate strength: A literature review. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 110, 103866.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103866
dc.identifier.issn1751-6161
dc.identifier.journalJournal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materialsen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/2189
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier BVen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesJournal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials;110
dc.relation.urlhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751616120304203?via%3Dihuben_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectBoneen_US
dc.subjectComputed tomographyen_US
dc.subjectDensityen_US
dc.subjectFinite elementen_US
dc.subjectStrengthen_US
dc.subjectBeinþéttnien_US
dc.subjectBeininen_US
dc.subjectSneiðmyndatökuren_US
dc.titleEmpirical relationships between bone density and ultimate strength: A literature reviewen_US
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleen_US
dcterms.licenseThis is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).en_US

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