Fostering empowerment through communication : The needs, expectations, and experience of maternity care among polish migrant women in Iceland

Abstract

Objective: Over recent decades, Iceland has evolved into a more diverse society, revealing disparities in perinatal outcomes for migrant women. This study explored the needs, expectations, and experiences of Polish migrant women regarding midwifery care during childbirth in Iceland. Methods: This longitudinal qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. Eight Polish women participated in two interviews: one during their third trimester pregnancy (T1) and another within 12 weeks postpartum (T2). The interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: The longitudinal analysis generated two overarching themes: (1) Wishing for respectful individualized care and (2) The importance of receiving adequate information and sharing preferences. Additionally, one theme was constructed from T1: (1) Feeling misunderstood, isolated, and longing for support. From T2, two themes were deweloped: (1) The value of emotional and practical support from both midwives and partners during pregnancy and birth and (2) The importance of having a voice in the care process. Conclusion: Insecurity about pain management and communication challenges were common. Open dialogue and strong connections with midwives were essential for positive care experiences. This study highlights gaps in language support, cultural sensitivity, and tailored information in Icelandic maternity care for Polish migrant women. Providing individualized care, marked by respect and clear communication, empowers women to make informed decisions and fosters a sense of control during childbirth. Addressing these gaps is vital for improving perinatal outcomes and ensuring equitable, comprehensive support for all women during this transformative life event. • Issue: Migrant women often face unique challenges in maternity care, leading to poorer birth outcomes and unmet needs during childbirth. • What is already known: Research highlights that migrant women may experience communication barriers, lack of culturally appropriate support, and increased vulnerability in healthcare settings. • What this paper adds: This study reveals specific gaps in language support, cultural sensitivity, and tailored information within Icelandic maternity care for Polish migrant women. By interviewing the same women both during pregnancy and postpartum, the study also provides a unique perspective on their evolving needs, expectations, and experiences. It highlights the importance of addressing these areas to enhance the sense of empowerment and overall satisfaction during childbirth.