Life expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017

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dc.contributorHáskólinn í Reykjavíken_US
dc.contributorReykjavik Universityen_US
dc.contributor.authorKnudsen, Ann Kristin
dc.contributor.authorAllebeck, Peter
dc.contributor.authorTollånes, Mette C
dc.contributor.authorSkogen, Jens Christoffer
dc.contributor.authorIburg, Kim Moesgaard
dc.contributor.authorMcGrath, John J.
dc.contributor.authorJuel, Knud
dc.contributor.authorAgardh, Emilie Elisabet
dc.contributor.authorÄrnlöv, Johan
dc.contributor.authorBjørge, Tone
dc.contributor.authorCarrero, Juan J
dc.contributor.authorCederroth, Christopher R.
dc.contributor.authorEggen, Anne Elise
dc.contributor.authorEl-Khatib, Ziad
dc.contributor.authorEllingsen, Christian Lycke
dc.contributor.authorFereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorGissler, Mika
dc.contributor.authorHadkhale, Kishor
dc.contributor.authorHavmoeller, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorJohansson, Lars
dc.contributor.authorJuliusson, Peter Benedikt
dc.contributor.authorKiadaliri, Aliasghar A
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Sezer
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorLallukka, Tea
dc.contributor.authorMekonnen, Teferi
dc.contributor.authorMeretoja, Tuomo J
dc.contributor.authorMeretoja, Atte
dc.contributor.authorNaghavi, Mohsen
dc.contributor.authorNeupane, Subas
dc.contributor.authorNguyen, Truc Trung
dc.contributor.authorPetzold, Max
dc.contributor.authorPlana-Ripoll, Oleguer
dc.contributor.authorShiri, Rahman
dc.contributor.authorSigurvinsdottir, Rannveig
dc.contributor.authorSkirbekk, Vegard
dc.contributor.authorSkou, Søren T
dc.contributor.authorSigfúsdóttir, Inga Dóra
dc.contributor.authorSteiner, Timothy J
dc.contributor.authorSulo, Gerhard
dc.contributor.authorTruelsen, Thomas Clement
dc.contributor.authorVasankari, Tommi Juhani
dc.contributor.authorWeiderpass, Elisabete
dc.contributor.authorVollset, Stein Emil
dc.contributor.authorVos, Theo
dc.contributor.authorØverland, Simon
dc.contributor.departmentSálfræðideild (HR)en_US
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Psychology (RU)en_US
dc.contributor.schoolSamfélagssvið (HR)en_US
dc.contributor.schoolSchool of Social Sciences (RU)en_US
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-27T11:29:13Z
dc.date.available2020-04-27T11:29:13Z
dc.date.issued2019-12
dc.descriptionPublisher's version (útgefin grein)en_US
dc.description.abstractBackground The Nordic countries have commonalities in gender equality, economy, welfare, and health care, but differ in culture and lifestyle, which might create country-wise health differences. This study compared life expectancy, disease burden, and risk factors in the Nordic region.Methods Life expectancy in years and age-standardised rates of overall, cause-specific, and risk factor-specific estimates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were analysed in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017. Data were extracted for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden (ie, the Nordic countries), and Greenland, an autonomous area of Denmark. Estimates were compared with global, high-income region, and Nordic regional estimates, including Greenland.Findings All Nordic countries exceeded the global life expectancy; in 2017, the highest life expectancy was in Iceland among females (85·9 years [95% uncertainty interval [UI] 85·5–86·4] vs 75·6 years [75·3–75·9] globally) and Sweden among males (80·8 years [80·2–81·4] vs 70·5 years [70·1–70·8] globally). Females (82·7 years [81·9–83·4]) and males (78·8 years [78·1–79·5]) in Denmark and males in Finland (78·6 years [77·8–79·2]) had lower life expectancy than in the other Nordic countries. The lowest life expectancy in the Nordic region was in Greenland (females 77·2 years [76·2–78·0], males 70·8 years [70·3–71·4]). Overall disease burden was lower in the Nordic countries than globally, with the lowest age-standardised DALY rates among Swedish males (18 555·7 DALYs [95% UI 15 968·6–21 426·8] per 100 000 population vs 35 834·3 DALYs [33 218·2–38 740·7] globally) and Icelandic females (16 074·1 DALYs [13 216·4–19 240·8] vs 29 934·6 DALYs [26 981·9–33 211·2] globally). Greenland had substantially higher DALY rates (26 666·6 DALYs [23 478·4–30 218·8] among females, 33 101·3 DALYs [30 182·3–36 218·6] among males) than the Nordic countries. Country variation was primarily due to differences in causes that largely contributed to DALYs through mortality, such as ischaemic heart disease. These causes dominated male disease burden, whereas non-fatal causes such as low back pain were important for female disease burden. Smoking and metabolic risk factors were high-ranking risk factors across all countries. DALYs attributable to alcohol use and smoking were particularly high among the Danes, as was alcohol use among Finnish males.Interpretation Risk factor differences might drive differences in life expectancy and disease burden that merit attention also in high-income settings such as the Nordic countries. Special attention should be given to the high disease burden in Greenland.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The authors wish to thank Jonas Minet Kinge (Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway) for valuable input regarding socioeconomic differences in life expectancy in the Nordic countries. CRC has received research funding from Svenska Läkaresällskapet (SLS-779681), Tysta Skolan, Hörselforskningsfonden (#503), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 72204655 and the GENDERNET Co-Plus Fund (GNP-182). JJC acknowledges grant support from the Swedish Research Council (grant number 2019-01059). JMcG is supported by the Danish National Research Foundation (Niels Bohr Professorship), and is employed by The Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research which receives core funding from the Queensland Health. STS is currently funded by a grant from Region Zealand and a grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 801790). OP-R has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 837180. TL is supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant #319200). Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this Article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy, or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/WHO.en_US
dc.description.version"Peer Reviewed"en_US
dc.format.extente658-e669en_US
dc.identifier.citationKnudsen, A. K., Allebeck, P., Tollånes, M. C., Skogen, J. C., Iburg, K. M., McGrath, J. J., Juel, K., Agardh, E. E., Ärnlöv, J., Bjørge, T., Carrero, J. J., Cederroth, C. R., Eggen, A. E., El-Khatib, Z., Ellingsen, C. L., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Gissler, M., Hadkhale, K., Havmoeller, R., … Øverland, S. (2019). Life expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: Results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017. The Lancet Public Health, 4(12), e658–e669. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30224-5en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30224-5
dc.identifier.issn2468-2667
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1750
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier BVen_US
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/72204655en_US
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/801790is
dc.relationinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/837180is
dc.relation.ispartofseriesThe Lancet Public Health;4(12)
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectPublic healthen_US
dc.subjectNordic countriesen_US
dc.subjectHealth policyen_US
dc.subjectHealth careen_US
dc.subjectDiseasesen_US
dc.subjectRisk factorsen_US
dc.subjectSmokingen_US
dc.subjectAlcohol useen_US
dc.subjectLife expectancyen_US
dc.subjectCross-cultural comparisonen_US
dc.subjectMenen_US
dc.subjectWomenen_US
dc.subjectLýðheilsaen_US
dc.subjectHeilsufaren_US
dc.subjectNorðurlandabúaren_US
dc.subjectKarlaren_US
dc.subjectKonuren_US
dc.subjectHeilbrigðisstefnaen_US
dc.subjectHeilsugæslaen_US
dc.subjectÞvermenningarlegur samanburðuren_US
dc.subjectLífshættiren_US
dc.subjectSjúkdómaren_US
dc.subjectÁhættuþættiren_US
dc.subjectReykingaren_US
dc.subjectÁfengisneyslaen_US
dc.subjectEfnaskiptasjúkdómaren_US
dc.subject.meshGlobal burden of diseaseen_US
dc.subject.meshMetabolic diseasesen_US
dc.subject.meshLife styleen_US
dc.titleLife expectancy and disease burden in the Nordic countries: results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017en_US
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleen_US
dcterms.licenseThis is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.en_US

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