Meaningful and psychologically rewarding nature-assisted occupations – A feasibility study for improving alternatives in vocational rehabilitation in Iceland

Abstract

Background: Nature-assisted activities (NAA) have been linked to improved mental health andwell-being, and are often perceived as psychologically rewarding. However, little is known about howthese activities are experienced within vocational rehabilitation programs in the Icelandic context.Objective: This study aimed to explore participants’ experiences of nature-assisted occupations invocational rehabilitation, focusing on their perceived meaningfulness and psychological benefits,to inform the development of nature-based interventions within existing programs.Methods: A mixed-method convergent longitudinal design was used at a vocational rehabilitationcentre in Iceland with 11 participants. Participants engaged in weekly, voluntary two-hour NAAsessions over a period of 4–11 months. Activities included outdoor play, foraging, adventure-basedtasks, as well as outdoor and indoor gardening. Data were collected using the Meaningful andPsychologically Rewarding Occupation Rating Scale and a focus group interview.Results: Quantitative findings: Outdoor and adventure-based activities were rated as the mostmeaningful and psychologically rewarding. Qualitative findings: Participants described increasedenjoyment, personal growth, a sense of freedom, and reduced performance pressure as central totheir positive experiences. Structured and indoor tasks were generally seen as less beneficial.