In 1937, S.L. Tuxen studied the animal community of hot springs in Iceland, and classified springs according to their relative temperature into cold, tepid, and hot. Eighty years after Tuxen’s study, we revisited some of the hot springs in Skagafjörður, ...

Freshwater springs are thermally stable environments which are largely unaffected by changes in air temperature. They could thus have the potential to buffer rising temperatures and serve as small-scale refugia for aquatic invertebrates in a warming ...