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Iceland as Stepping Stone for Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus between Europe and North America

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dc.contributor The Institute for Experimental Pathology University of Iceland
dc.contributor.author Günther, Anne
dc.contributor.author Krone, Oliver
dc.contributor.author Svansson, Vilhjalmur
dc.contributor.author Pohlmann, Anne
dc.contributor.author King, Jacqueline
dc.contributor.author Hallgrimsson, Gunnar Thor
dc.contributor.author Skarphéðinsson, Kristinn Haukur
dc.contributor.author Sigurðardóttir, Heiða
dc.contributor.author Jónsson, Stefán Ragnar
dc.contributor.author Beer, Martin
dc.contributor.author Brugger, Brigitte
dc.contributor.author Harder, Timm
dc.date.accessioned 2023-02-15T01:03:29Z
dc.date.available 2023-02-15T01:03:29Z
dc.date.issued 2022-12-01
dc.identifier.citation Günther , A , Krone , O , Svansson , V , Pohlmann , A , King , J , Hallgrimsson , G T , Skarphéðinsson , K H , Sigurðardóttir , H , Jónsson , S R , Beer , M , Brugger , B & Harder , T 2022 , ' Iceland as Stepping Stone for Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus between Europe and North America ' , Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 28 , no. 12 , pp. 2383-2388 . https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2812.221086
dc.identifier.issn 1080-6040
dc.identifier.other 69379616
dc.identifier.other d4c8edfa-b4fe-4299-8612-b034592a7aa3
dc.identifier.other 85142403733
dc.identifier.other 36261139
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/3977
dc.description Funding Information: This study was supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 (program grant VEO no. 874735) and by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (project PREPMEDVET, grant no. 13N15449). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved.
dc.description.abstract Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of hemagglutinin type H5 and clade 2.3.4.4b have widely spread within the northern hemisphere since 2020 and threaten wild bird populations, as well as poultry production. We present phylogeographic evidence that Iceland has been used as a stepping stone for HPAIV translocation from northern Europe to North America by infected but mobile wild birds. At least 2 independent incursions of HPAIV H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b assigned to 2 hemagglutinin clusters, B1 and B2, are documented for summer‒autumn 2021 and spring 2022. Spread of HPAIV H5N1 to and among colony-breeding pelagic avian species in Iceland is ongoing. Potentially devastating effects (i.e., local losses >25%) on these species caused by extended HPAIV circulation in space and time are being observed at several affected breeding sites throughout the North Atlantic.
dc.format.extent 6
dc.format.extent 1338357
dc.format.extent 2383-2388
dc.language.iso en
dc.relation info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/874735
dc.relation.ispartofseries Emerging Infectious Diseases; 28(12)
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject avian influenza
dc.subject Europe
dc.subject H5N1
dc.subject highly pathogenic avian influenza
dc.subject highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
dc.subject HPAIV
dc.subject Iceland
dc.subject influenza virus
dc.subject migratory birds
dc.subject North America
dc.subject North Atlantic
dc.subject respiratory infections
dc.subject stepping stone
dc.subject subtype
dc.subject transatlantic spread
dc.subject viruses
dc.subject zoonoses
dc.subject Epidemiology
dc.subject Microbiology (medical)
dc.subject Infectious Diseases
dc.title Iceland as Stepping Stone for Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus between Europe and North America
dc.type /dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/systematicreview
dc.description.version Peer reviewed
dc.identifier.doi 10.3201/eid2812.221086
dc.relation.url http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142403733&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.contributor.department Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences


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