dc.contributor |
Háskóli Íslands |
dc.contributor |
University of Iceland |
dc.contributor.author |
Strøm, Marin |
dc.contributor.author |
Mortensen, Erik Lykke |
dc.contributor.author |
Kesmodel, Ulrik Schiøler |
dc.contributor.author |
Halldorsson, Thorhallur |
dc.contributor.author |
Olsen, Jørn |
dc.contributor.author |
Olsen, Sjurdur F. |
dc.date.accessioned |
2020-04-29T14:07:43Z |
dc.date.available |
2020-04-29T14:07:43Z |
dc.date.issued |
2019-05 |
dc.identifier.citation |
Strøm M, Mortensen EL, Kesmodel US, et alIs breast feeding associated with offspring IQ at age 5? Findings from prospective cohort: Lifestyle During Pregnancy StudyBMJ Open 2019;9:e023134. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023134 |
dc.identifier.issn |
2044-6055 |
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1753 |
dc.description |
Publisher's version (útgefin grein) |
dc.description.abstract |
Objectives: Breast feeding is associated with health benefits for both mother and child, but many studies focusing on neurodevelopment have lacked information on important confounders and few randomised trials exist. Our objective was to examine the influence of breast feeding on child IQ at 5 years of age while taking maternal IQ and other relevant factors into account. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Population-based birth cohort in Denmark. Participants: We used data from The Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study 1782 mother-child pairs sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort (n=101 042). Outcome measures: Child IQ was assessed at age 5 years by the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scales of Intelligence-Revised. On the same occasion maternal intelligence was assessed by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices. Exposure data on duration of breast feeding (n=1385) were extracted from telephone interviews conducted when the child was 6 and 18 months, and analyses were weighted by relevant sampling fractions. Results: In multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders breast feeding was associated with child IQ at 5 years (categorical χ2 test for overall association p=0.03). Compared with children who were breast fed ≤1 month, children breast fed for 2-3, 4-6, 7-9 and 10 or more months had 3.06 (95% CI 0.39 to 5.72), 2.03 (95% CI -0.38 to 4.44), 3.53 (95% CI 1.18 to 5.87) and 3.28 (95% CI 0.88 to 5.67) points higher IQ after adjustment for core confounders, respectively. There was no dose-response relation and further analyses indicated that the main difference in IQ was between breast feeding ≤1 month versus >1 month. Conclusions: Breastfeeding duration of 1 month or shorter compared with longer periods was associated with approximately three points lower IQ, but there was no evidence of a dose-response relation in this prospective birth cohort, where we were able to adjust for some of the most critical confounders, including maternal intelligence. |
dc.description.sponsorship |
The Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study was supported primarily by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, and also from the National Board of Health, the Lundbeck Foundation, Ludvig & Sara Elsass’ Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, and Aase & Ejnar Danielsens Foundation. Furthermore, the study was supported by the European Union (EU) Integrated Research Project EARNEST (FOOD-CT-2005-007036). The Danish National Birth Cohort has been financed by the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Danish Heart Association, the Danish Medical Research Council, and the Sygekassernes Helsefond, Danish National Research Foundation, Danish Pharmaceutical Association, Ministry of Health, National Board of Health, Statens Serum Institut. The study is part of the research programme of the Centre for Fetal Programming (the Danish Council for Strategic Research grant no. 09-067124). |
dc.format.extent |
e023134 |
dc.language.iso |
en |
dc.publisher |
BMJ |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
BMJ Open;9(5) |
dc.rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.subject |
Breast feeding |
dc.subject |
Cohort study |
dc.subject |
Intelligence |
dc.subject |
Observational study |
dc.subject |
Wechsler scales |
dc.subject |
Brjóstagjöf |
dc.subject |
Greind |
dc.subject |
Tilviksrannsóknir |
dc.title |
Is breast feeding associated with offspring IQ at age 5? Findings from prospective cohort: Lifestyle During Pregnancy Study |
dc.type |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dcterms.license |
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
dc.description.version |
Peer Reviewed |
dc.identifier.journal |
BMJ Open |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023134 |
dc.relation.url |
https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023134 |
dc.contributor.department |
Matvæla- og næringarfræðideild (HÍ) |
dc.contributor.department |
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition (UI) |
dc.contributor.school |
Heilbrigðisvísindasvið (HÍ) |
dc.contributor.school |
School of Health Sciences (UI) |