The Breiðdalur volcanic system, eastern Iceland, comprises of a ~600 km3 central volcano, a 30 - 40 km long dyke swarm and plateau basalts erupted from this dyke swarm. The entire volcanic system was active from 10.1 to 7.8 Ma, the central volcano was ...

The majority of Earth’s volcanic eruptions occur beneath the sea, but the limited number of direct observations and samples limits our understanding of these unseen events. Subaerial eruptions lend some insight, but direct extrapolation from the subaerial ...

The 10th century Eldgjá flood lava eruption, southern Iceland, was the most voluminous eruption on Earth in the last 1100 years, erupting up to 21.0 km3 of transitional alkali basaltic magma of rather uniform composition. While 19.7 km3 was erupted as ...

The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated ...

In this study, the magmatic evolution and the eruptive history of the Paka volcanic complex are investigated and its geothermal reservoir is assessed. The study comprises two parts. The first part deals with the eruptive history, magma evolution, and ...

We would like to thank Geist et al. (2023) for the opportunity to further discuss the arguments presented in our paper “Long or short silicic magma residence time beneath Hekla volcano, Iceland?” (Sigmarsson et al. 2022). The disagreement centres around ...

Magma is transported in brittle rock through dikes and sills. This movement may be accompanied by the release of seismic energy that can be tracked from the Earth's surface. Locating dikes and deciphering their dynamics is therefore of prime importance ...

The morphological and textural features of juvenile pyroclasts record crucial details on magma conditions at the time of fragmentation. Their study is therefore essential to better understand the dynamics of explosive eruptions. Unfortunately, the ...

The Hofsjökull volcanic system is located at the northern border of the Hreppar microplate on the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary in Iceland, between the more active Western and Eastern volcanic zones. In this study, fractures, and faults within the fissure ...

Iceland is one of the most active terrestrial volcanic regions on Earth with an average of more than 20 eruptions per century. Around 80% of all events are tephra generating explosive eruptions, but less than 10 % of all known tephra layers have been ...