Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Iceland’s cruise infrastructure fee : Policy rationales, stakeholder tensions, and governance ambition
(2026-09) Hjálmarsdóttir, Hafdís Björg; Óskarsson, Guðmundur Kristján; Faculty of Business Administration
The rapid expansion of Arctic cruise tourism has intensified debates regarding sustainability, carrying capacity, and infrastructure pressure in vulnerable destinations. In response, the Icelandic government introduced an infrastructure fee on cruise ship passengers. This study examines how policymakers designed and justified the fee as a governance instrument, and what evidence would be required to establish that it functions as one. Using Iceland as a case study, the research combines qualitative document analysis of legislative and stakeholder materials with descriptive statistical data on cruise passenger flows. Policymakers framed the fee around infrastructure financing, the user-pays principle, fair contribution, and sustainable destination stewardship. However, the legislative process revealed stakeholder tensions concerning international competitiveness, regulatory predictability, and regional economic implications. Contextual data indicate a post-pandemic increase in passenger volumes relative to ship calls, highlighting the relevance of passenger-based indicators for understanding visitor intensity alongside vessel arrivals. The Icelandic case sits within a broader international trend, also visible in destinations such as Venice, Alaska, and Norway, in which authorities design and justify tourism taxation as a governance tool rather than solely as a revenue mechanism. The statutory framework does not earmark fee revenue for destination management, and an amendment adopted in 2025 reduced the rate with effect from 2026. The evidence examined establishes the fee’s governance objectives but does not demonstrate its destination-level effects.
Simplex-anchored regressors for fast global optimization-oriented miniaturization of microwave circuits
(2026-12) Koziel, Slawomir; Pietrenko-Dabrowska, Anna; Department of Engineering
The small physical size of high-frequency components is an essential prerequisite in an increasing number of applications. While size reduction of microwave circuits can be achieved with a suitable choice of architecture, ensuring the best available compromise between electrical parameters and size necessitates meticulous adjustment of all system dimensions. Due to the complexity of electrically small structures, parameter adjustment should be executed globally. Nevertheless, it is an expensive endeavor because it entails a large number of system evaluations executed through electromagnetic (EM) simulation. This article introduces an innovative approach to expedited miniaturization of microwave passives, in which the primary goal is miniaturization, while the conditions imposed on performance metrics are treated as constraints. Our framework operates in three stages, including parameter space pre-screening, machine-learning (ML)-driven globalized search, and gradient-based fine-tuning. The first stage involves random sampling aimed at identifying the most promising parameter space region. The ML process launched therein employs simplex-based regression models, the use of which contributes to a competitive computational efficiency. On the other hand, the final tuning improves design quality at a low cost, as it is realized as a local optimization process. The performance of the suggested algorithm is illustrated using two planar devices and demonstrated to be superior to several benchmark methods. The major advantages of our technique include low running costs, equivalent to only a few dozen full-wave analyses, and straightforward implementation.
THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON SPORTS SERVICES AND GOODS ON PRIVATE CONSUMPTION AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
(2026-08-01) Saavedra, Yzan; Durst, Susanne; Department of Business and Economics
The objectives of this study were (i) to examine the influence of public expenditure on sports services and goods on private consumption and (ii) to assess whether the prevalence of sedentary behaviour could be predicted by public expenditure in sports, taking into account educational level, and sex differences in European countries. Data from 27 European countries were used; one additional country was included for objective (i) (n=29) and three for objective (ii) (n=30). A Pearson bivariate correlation and a distributed lag model were used to examine the relationship between public expenditure and private consumption, with GDP per capita included as a control variable. Additionally, multiple linear regression models were applied to predict sedentary behaviour based on GDP, educational level, and sex. Results showed a strong positive correlation between public expenditure and private consumption (r=0.846–0.922, p<0.001). The lagged model, including public expenditure over five years and GDP per capita, explained more than 75% of the variance in private sports consumption. GDP per capita predicted sedentary behaviour in over 44.3% of cases across medium, high, and total education groups. Public expenditure was also a significant predictor in selected subgroups, particularly in the total education group and among women.
Editorial : Advancing cartilage regeneration and repair: biomaterials and biomechanical strategies
(2026) Todros, Silvia; Berardo, Alice; Cavinato, Cristina; Gargiulo, Paolo; Department of Engineering
The Effects of Light Therapy on Cognitive Function and Stress in Women With Breast Cancer Before Systemic Treatment
(2025-11) Aspelund, Snaefridur Gudmundsdottir; Halldorsdottir, Thorhildur; Agustsson, Gudjon; Tobin, Hannah Ros Sigurdardottir; Wu, Lisa M.; Amidi, Ali; Johannsdottir, Kamilla R.; Lutgendorf, Susan K.; Telles, Rachel; Daly, Huldis Franksdottir; Sigurdardottir, Kristin; Figueiro, Mariana G.; Redd, William H.; Valdimarsdottir, Heiddis B.; Baldursdottir, Birna; Department of Psychology
Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), for example, impairments in reaction time, processing speed, memory and executive function, may be associated with breast cancer (BC) surgery which can disrupt biological and psychological stress markers. Evidence suggests that light therapy may ameliorate cognitive impairment and stress. In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, we investigated the efficacy of light therapy on mitigating the impact of BC surgery on CRCI in a national Icelandic cohort of women with BC. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to receive circadian-effective blue light (BL, N = 60) or circadian-ineffective dim light (DL, N = 57) for 4 weeks after surgery. The primary outcome was overall cognitive performance (assessed via global composite score), and secondary outcomes were specific cognitive domains, cognitive complaints, psychological (depressive symptoms, overall cancer-related stress and its symptoms: hyperarousal, avoidance, and intrusive thoughts) and biological (cortisol and α-amylase) stress markers. Linear regression and path analyses within structural equation modeling frameworks were conducted, adjusted for baseline cognitive performance, age, education, subsequent cancer treatment, cancer stage, and treatment credibility. Results: No group differences were found in overall cognitive performance or in specific cognitive domains, except for a non-significant trend for faster reaction times in the BL group (p < 0.11). Additionally, the BL group reported significantly fewer cognitive complaints compared with the DL group (p < 0.05), as well as a non-significant trend for less intrusive thoughts (p < 0.11). No group differences were observed in the biological stress markers. Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that light therapy may help mitigate the adverse effects associated with BC surgery on CRCI and intrusive thoughts, although further research is warranted. Trial Registration: NCT04418856.
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