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Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of the Cu (II)-1,3-PDTA [(Cu (II) (PDTA)] complex for the control of Erwinia chrysanthemi (soft rot) in the parsley manioc (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft)
(2025-01) de Almeida Teixeira, Cristiane Freitas; Carvalho, Claudio Teodoro; Zárate, Néstor Antonio Heredia; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano; de Arruda, Eduardo Jose; Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences
Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of the Cu(II)-1,3-PDTA complex was performed by two synthetic routes: sodium and carbonate pathways. The Cu (II)-1,3-PDTA complex can be easily produced by the 1,3-PDTA binder, commercially available as Trilon F (BASF) which is available as sodium or acid salt for the coordination of Cu (II). The biological activity of the Cu (II)-1,3-PDTA [Cu (II)-PDTA] complex was performed to analyze the activity against the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi Bancroft. The bacterium is the causative agent of soft rot in the parsley maniac (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft). The bacterium was isolated from parsley manioc infected with soft rot. The metal complex sensitivity tests were performed by diffusion antibiogram. The mean values of the halos and standard deviations of the zones of inhibition were obtained for the [Cu (II) (PDTA)] and Streptomycin complexes. The concentrations of the complexes evaluated were 10-3, 10-2 and 10-1 M (equivalent to 36.3 g L-1 (3.63%), 3.63 g L-1 (0.363%) and 0.363 g L-1 (0.0363%), respectively). The halos were 25.0 ± 1.2 mm for control. For [Cu (II) (PDTA)] complexes, the obtained values were 9.5 ± 0.6, 15.0 ± 0.8 and 24.0 ± 0.8 via sodium and 12.0 ± 1.6, 25.0 ± 0.8 and 31.0 ± 1.9 via carbonate, for 10-3, 10-2 and 10-1 M, respectively. The results showed that the bactericidal activity of the Cu (II)-1,3-PDTA complex obtained by the two synthetic routes are adequate for the control of Erwinia chrysanthemi Bancroft.
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Roles in brain stimulation, recording and interpreting neuroimaging data: a systematic survey of 26 countries on current practices in EEG, MRI, TCD, TMS and FUS
(2026-09-04) Valizada, Vugar; Sesseljuson, Leon Daði; Nardone, Raffaele; Thomschewski, Aljoscha; Trinka, Eugen; Holler, Yvonne; Centre for Doctoral Studies; Faculty of Psychology
Introduction: Clear role definitions in performing and interpreting neurophysiological and neuroimaging procedures are essential for patient safety and diagnostic accuracy. There is currently no comprehensive overview of the international landscape of health professionals responsible for these tasks. In the present review, we aimed to summarize local practices for electroencephalography (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial Doppler (TCD), and focused ultrasound stimulation (FUS).Methods: We systematically searched scientific literature, national health organizations websites, and contacted local health authorities from 26 countries.Results: EEG and brain MRI are typically performed by technicians and interpreted by physicians (neurologists or radiologists). TCD is performed and interpreted predominantly by physicians, since it requires real-time evaluation. Single-pulse TMS is either performed by physicians or requires the presence of physicians when the procedure is performed by a technician. The interpretation is done by physicians. Despite existing international recommendations, there is a significant absence of local guidelines for responsibilities in performing and interpreting TMS and FUS. In countries with information available, therapeutic use of rTMS, and FUS is performed by physicians (neurologists, psychiatrists, or surgeons).Discussion: The development of standardized national protocols is needed to ensure patients' safety and diagnostic accuracy in clinical settings for TMS and FUS.
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Leadership for Social Justice for Immigrant Students and Their Families in Icelandic Schools
(University of Iceland, School of Education, Faculty of Education and Diversity, 2026) Svavarsson, Helgi Þorbjörn; Börkur Hansen; Faculty of Education and Diversity (UI); Deild menntunar og margbreytileika (HÍ); School of Education (UI); Menntavísindasvið (HÍ)
In recent decades, Iceland has undergone significant demographic changes because of increased immigration. The population of Iceland has transitioned from being primarily homogeneous to being multicultural, characterized by diverse languages, customs, and cultural norms. These developments have had a broad impact across all sectors of society, particularly the school system, which has had to adapt to this new reality. Previous research has indicated that despite positive intentions and changes in legislation and curricula, students from immigrant backgrounds do not enjoy the same opportunities as their native peers. They experience higher dropout rates and disadvantages in academic achievement and access to learning opportunities. This doctoral project focuses on leadership in preschools, compulsory schools, and upper-secondary schools with a high proportion of immigrant students that have demonstrated success in advancing social justice. The study aims to highlight the experiences and perspectives of school leaders to identify leadership practices that contribute to the success of these schools. The guiding research question is: What leadership practices can be identified as influential in advancing and sustaining social justice for immigrant students and their families within school communities? Building on critical realism and critical leadership theory, the study employs a multiple case study approach. Data were collected through semi structured interviews with school principals and key staff working with immigrant students in nine schools, three at each educational level. Additional interviews were conducted with preschool parents and compulsory school teachers. The research builds on four publications: three articles and one book chapter. Together, the four publications explore how school leaders in Iceland navigate the interplay between societal structures and leadership agency to promote and sustain social justice for immigrant students. Data were analyzed using framework analysis with different theoretical frameworks applied according to the content of each article, and retroduction analysis to identify underlying forces that promote or hinder social justice. The findings from the four publications are synthesized and examined through the lens of Woods’s (2016) trialectic framework, which is grounded in Archer’s (2003) theory of the interplay between cultural, social, and institutional structures and agency and how these elements influence and shape one another. Woods further distinguished agency into two dimensions: person (individual characteristics) and practice (actions), which together create conditions and possibilities for the leader’s capacity to influence the structures. The study highlights the tension between structural conditions, leadership characteristics, and leadership practices and how they interact to either promote or hinder social justice. The findings indicate that democratic values, ideals of equality, and high levels of societal trust support inclusive leadership, whereas stereotypes about the “normal” student, monolingualism, policy ambiguity, lack of funding, marginalized multicultural teacher education, and negative views of immigrant students function as structural barriers to social justice leadership. The school leaders in this study responded to these barriers by drawing on four core strengths: a strong commitment to social justice, high expectations for all students, an activist mindset, and a pragmatic approach to constraints. Consequently, they worked toward a shared vision by building trust, enhancing staff knowledge and competence in multicultural matters, and creating inclusive learning environments. They employed strategic planning and distributed leadership to engage the school community and address inequities by implementing changes in work practices that reflect student diversity, thereby promoting greater social justice. However, in many cases, this leadership appeared to be highly context-dependent and reliant on individual actors. Moreover, there was a notable lack of formal institutionalization of these practices within the schools’ policies and culture, reducing the likelihood that social justice efforts would be sustained over time. The value of this study lies in its overview of the relationship between societal structures and the promotion of social justice in schools. It highlights the challenges these structures present for school leaders in their efforts to enhance the social and academic positions of immigrant students. This study is part of the Nordic research project Learning Spaces for Inclusion and Social Justice (2013–2015) and is based on empirical data collected during that time. Although the data are not recent, they offer valuable insight into the interaction between structures and agency and into leadership practices within this context, emphasizing the need for further research. Moreover, the findings have practical implications for leadership development and education policy in multicultural contexts.
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Valorization of pulp and viscera from hybrid sorubim and pacu by production of protein concentrate using alkaline solubilization
(2025-03) Azambuja, Suéllen Patrícia Held; Nascimento, Kauyse Matos; Cortez-Vega, William Renzo; Cavenaghi-Altemio, Angela Dulce; Gelinski, Jane Mary Lafayette Neves; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano; Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences
Fish protein concentration (FPC) by alkaline solubilization has proven to be an alternative method in adding value to muscle-based materials. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different processes (decanting/sieving or centrifugation), reagents (sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide) and washing cycles (1–4) on the quality of protein concentrates obtained from mechanically separated meat (MSM) and viscera of hybrid sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × P. corruscans) and pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fishes. The protein concentrate was obtained by washing the viscera or MSM during up to four cycles (4:1 solution:meat ratio). In each cycle, the liquid waste and fat were removed by decanting/sieving or centrifugation. Moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash contents were determined after each washing cycle. The moisture and protein contents increased immediately after the first washing up to 77.88% (dry basis). The lipid content decreased with the cycles down to 2.99% (dry basis). Higher FPC yield was obtained for MSM during the centrifugation process compared to the decantation/sieving process. Two weight yields above 100% were found in procedures with NaHCO3 and MSM of hybrid sorubim and pacu, probably due to the larger capacity of gel formation during protein concentration. Differences related to the fish species were more evident than the processes and utilized reagents.
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Development and characterization of fish nuggets obtained from mechanically separated meat of spotted sorubim
(2026-01-22) Cavenaghi-Altemio, Angela Dulce; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano; Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences
The fish industry has recently sought to diversify its product offerings to meet high consumer demand beyond just fresh fish. The use of mechanically separated fish meat (MSM) enables the production of various products, including breaded items. This study aimed to develop fish nuggets using MSM from spotted sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) as the primary raw material, utilizing various formulations, and to evaluate the pH, shear force, microbiological safety, and sensory attributes of the developed products . The varying ingredients (4%) were bamboo fibre (F1 ), collagen fibre (F2 ), and textured soy protein (F3 ). The average pH of 6.5 showed no statistical difference between formulations (p > 0 .05), indicating that the varying ingredients did not affect this parameter. However, shear force varied significantly (p < 0.05), with the highest value of 8 .82 N observed for F3 . Sensory analysis revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) between formulations for most attributes, except for taste, where F1 scored higher than F2 and F3 . The acceptance index was above 80% for all formulations . F1 showed the highest “certainly would purchase” response at 26.7%. Both F1 and F3 had a combined acceptance rate of 60% for “certainly and probably would purchase”, while F2 had a 50% acceptance rate. The results suggest that taste plays a crucial role in the sensory acceptance of the nuggets, with bamboo fibre positively enhancing flavour.

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