Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
DigiPressPad : An Automated Tool for Quantifying and Improving One's Graphic Skill
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2023-09-20) Verma, Pragya; Rane, Dharma; Kanetkar, Manasi; Singh, Madhu; Lahiri, Uttama; Department of Computer Science
Graphic skill essential for good quality handwritten content can be quantified through attributes, e.g., graphic force and graphic speed using pressure-sensitive tablets. Though powerful, such solutions are expensive and without automated feedback. Feedback can help one to adopt self-corrective measures to improve graphic skill. Thus, there exists need for tools to quantify graphic quality, graphic force and graphic speed and offer feedback. Here, we have developed an automated tool to quantify one's graphic skill and to offer individualized feedback. Given that there exist differences in the graphic skill of Typically Developing (TD) children and those with Autism (ASD), we used this tool for 6 pairs of TD children and those with ASD. Preliminary results indicate the potential of our tool in capturing differences and improvement in graphic skills of participant groups. The automated tool can act as a complementary tool in the hands of teachers and caregivers.
Estimated Energy Expenditures and Energy Intakes of International Female Rugby Sevens Players in Five Days of a Training Camp and Competition Preparation
(2023-07-19) Curtis, Christopher; Arjomandkhah, Nicola; Cooke, Carlton; Ranchordas, Mayur K.; Russell, Mark; Department of Sport Science
To understand the energy balance of international female rugby sevens (R7s) players in applied environments, this study estimated the energy intakes (EI) and total daily estimated energy expenditures (TDEE) during a five-day training camp (TRAIN) and phase of competition preparation (COMP) of equal duration. Tri-axial accelerometer devices were worn throughout both scenarios to estimate TDEE, whereas EI was estimated via self-reported food diaries. Energy deficits of −47% (TDEETRAIN: 14.6 ± 1.6 MJ·day−1, EITRAIN: 7.7 ± 0.9 MJ·day−1, p ≤ 0.001, d = 5.1) and −50% (TDEECOMP: 15.5 ± 1.6 MJ·day−1, EICOMP: 7.7 ± 1.0 MJ·day−1, p ≤ 0.001, d = 5.7) were observed throughout TRAIN (n = 11; age: 25 ± 4 years, height: 170 ± 6 cm, weight: 71 ± 7 kg) and COMP (n = 8; age: 25 ± 3 years, height: 172 ± 5 cm, weight: 72 ± 6 kg), respectively. Carbohydrate intakes were below the lower range of sports nutrition recommendations in both TRAIN (−62%; 2.3 ± 0.3 g·kg−1 BM, p ≤ 0.001) and COMP (−60%; 2.4 ± 0.5 g·kg−1 BM, p ≤ 0.001). For protein (TRAIN: 1.7 ± 0.4 g·kg−1 BM, COMP: 1.5 ± 0.1 g·kg−1 BM), intakes met the lower range of recommendations. Fat intake exceeded recommendations of the percentage of total EI (COMP: 39 ± 5%). Accordingly, the dietary strategies of international female R7s players may warrant optimization, as carbohydrate and fat intakes were less than optimal when compared to current performance-based sports nutrition guidelines.
Under Pressure : A Multi-Modal Analysis of Induced Stressors in Games for Resilience
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2023-04-12) Habibi, Reza; Pfau, Johannes; Maram, Sai Siddartha; Li, Jiahong; Larsen, Bjarke; Xu, Jason; Kashani, Atieh; Sisodiya, Shweta; Holmes, Jonattan; Teng, Zhaoqing; Carstensdottir, Elin; El-Nasr, Magy Seif; Lopes, Phil; Luz, Filipe; Liapis, Antonios; Engstrom, Henrik; Department of Computer Science
Emotion regulation and coping strategies are key to resilience, problem solving and eventually well-being in everyday life, but investigating or influencing these without adjustable and ecologically valid environments still poses a major challenge. With respect to video games, stressful events can frequently appear and, depending on the individual's emotion regulation, lead to frustrating experiences, dissatisfied players or even churn - or to a sense of accomplishment, mastery or positive tension. In the greater endeavor of establishing games for studying, controlling and reinforcing resilience, we developed an alternate reality game that unifies the advantages of a fully customizable game environment with the close connection to real-life interactions. To estimate how emotion regulation strategies could be initiated as well as investigated, this work first induces different kinds of established stressors (time pressure, social encounters and being unchangeably stuck) into ordinary gameplay, quantifies the players' physiological and psychological responses and addresses the participants' strategies on dealing with these situations. In this paper we present results of the study showing that the induced stressors were effective in constituting stressful situations comparable to real-life experiences; and each of these conditions resulted in different types of physiological and perceived responses and behaviors, e.g. continuous stress in social encounters versus instantaneous stress when notified about time pressure; or frustrating experiences when being forcibly stuck versus stress that participants underwent but were able to work against. With this platform to study how people cope with stress, instituted within a multi-modal mixed-methods evaluation, we contribute to games beyond entertainment towards educating resilience.
A Wideband Reflectarray Antenna for Satellite Application with Low Cross-Polarization
(2023-04) Elahi, Manzoor; Jeong, Taeyong; Yang, Youngoo; Lee, Kang Yoon; Hwang, Keum Cheol; Department of Engineering
A double-layer element consisting of a spider-shaped structure on the top layer and a pair of concave arms with a circular ring on the middle layer is proposed for the wideband reflectarray with low cross-polarization characteristics. The unit cell offers a linear and wider phase range of 800 (Formula presented.). Based on the proposed unit cell, an offset-fed reflectarray with an octagonal aperture comprising 6769 unit cells is constructed at 11.725 GHz. The reflectarray offers 1 dB and 3 dB gain bandwidths of 25.2% and 32.3%, respectively, with an operating frequency range of 10–13.85 GHz. A peak gain of 31.2 dBi with an aperture efficiency of 42% is achieved. The cross-polarization levels are less than the co-polarization by 40 dB over the entire operating band.
Integration Pressure-Retarded Osmosis with Direct Air Capture Process for Electricity Production and Decarbonization: Fouling Behavior and Life Cycle Assessment
(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2026-11) Guan, Lingxue; Bing Wu; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering (UI); Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild (HÍ); School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI); Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
Direct air capture (DAC) is a promising approach for carbon dioxide removal, but its substantial energy demand remains a challenge for sustainable implementation. This research investigated the feasibility of integrating pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) with aqueous hydroxide-based DAC to recover energy from high-salinity DAC process streams, focusing on membrane fouling, fouling mitigation, and environmental performance. PRO performance was evaluated under CaCO3 scaling and combined CaCO3-alginate fouling using simulated CO2-captured solutions as draw solutions. The results highlighted that (1) CaCO3 polymorph composition influenced scaling behavior, with amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) forming denser cake layers that restricted water transport, while calcite formed more porous cake layer that restricted water transport less; (2) in both NaHCO3- based (pH ~7.59) and NaHCO3/Na2CO3-based (pH ~10.5) draw solutions, hydraulic pressure increased alginate deposition, while higher fouling resistance was associated with greater ACC deposition; (3) the CaCO3/alginate ratio influenced foulant deposition patterns: in the NaHCO3-based solution, more alginate in the draw solution faciliated greater deposition of both alginate and CaCO3, while in the NaHCO3/Na2CO3-based solution, alginate deposition was inversely related to CaCO3 deposition. Nevertheless, ACC deposition remained positively associated with fouling resistance at both pH levels; and (4) periodic water flushing removed ~88-99% of deposited CaCO3 and substantially recovered membrane performance, although most organic foulants remained. Comparative life cycle assessment showed ~0.82 ton CO2-eq net removal per ton of CO2 captured in the hybrid DAC-PRO process, comparable to renewable energy-driven DAC under Icelandic scenario. Overall, the findings demonstrate the technical and environmental feasibility of the proposed DAC-PRO process.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts