Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts
Nýlega bætt við
Volcano-tectonic Controls on Ground Deformation across Temporal Scales: Insights from the Krafla Volcanic System, Iceland
(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2026) Yang, Yilin; Freysteinn Sigmundsson; Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ); Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI); Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ); School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI)
Measurements of ground movements in volcanic regions and interpretation of observed deformation is important for understanding of volcano behavior and their subsurface processes. Observed deformation often reflects the combined effects of multiple processes. The Krafla volcanic system in North Iceland lies at the divergent plate boundary between the North American and Eurasian plates. A rifting episode in 1975–1984, five decades of geothermal exploitation and extensive geodetic observations make Krafla an ideal natural laboratory to investigate volcano deformation across multiple temporal scales and explore underlying geophysical processes. For short-term deformation, a period of accelerated westward motion during 2014–2015 at Krafla is identified from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series using Bayesian inference. These deformation anomalies occurred concurrently with the near-field precursors of the 2014 Bárdarbunga dike intrusion, ~120 km to the south, indicating potential coupling between volcanic systems along the rift. For the decadal deformation associated with the 1975–1984 rifting episode, a revised numerical model of repeated dike intrusions is developed to incorporate realistic dike geometries and crustal behavior. The model reproduces first-order regularities of the 1975–1984 dike sequence and highlights the critical role of tectonic stress and topography in driving lateral dike propagation, allowing magma flow into dikes or eruptions under low pressure. For long-term deformation, velocity fields derived from GNSS (2002–2024) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR; 2015–2023) constrain a six-segment plate boundary model for central Krafla. The inferred plate boundary central axis follows recent eruptive fissures and aligns with mapped fracture orientations. Locking depth variation along the fissure swarm implies a dome-shaped rheological transition. Residual velocities reveal three local deflation patterns related to geothermal activity and lava subsidence. Together, these results advance understanding of volcano-tectonic interactions at divergent plate boundaries, while the methodological developments have broader practical value.
The Nuns of Nidaros: Female Monasticism in the Archdiocese of Nidaros, c. 1152–1537
(University of Iceland, School of Humanities, Faculty of Philosophy, History and Archaeology, 2026-01) Hannesdóttir, Sigrún; Steinunn Kristjánsdóttir; Deild heimspeki, sagnfræði og fornleifafræði (HÍ); Faculty of Philosophy, History and Archaeology (UI); Hugvísindasvið (HÍ); School of Humanities (UI)
This thesis presents a study of female monasticism within the Archdiocese of Nidaros, with a primary focus on Norway and Iceland, from the establishment of the first monasteries in the early 12th century to their abolishment during the Reformation in the mid-16th century. While more than forty male monasteries were established under Nidaros, only ten female houses are known, most of which were Benedictine. Female religious houses have traditionally been marginalized in monastic scholarship—often treated as less significant variants of male monasteries—but this study approaches them on their own terms, highlighting their distinctive role in medieval society. Drawing on both archaeological and historical sources, the thesis seeks to rebalance the part of female religious houses in monastic studies, as well as to contribute to the increasing literature of transnational approaches in the field.
The thesis reviews the state of research on female monasteries in Iceland and Norway, with particular attention to the influence of gender in scholarly approaches. It explores the social, cultural, and religious backdrop for the foundation of female monasteries within these countries and the economic strategies that sustained them. Evidence for the architecture of the monasteries in question is assessed in the context of continental norms and patterns in male monasteries in the area. Moreover, the thesis considers the customs and practices related to daily life within the monasteries and evaluates women’s reasons for taking the veil in medieval Iceland and Norway.
Although considerably fewer in number than male monasteries in the Archdiocese of Nidaros, the thesis argues that the female monasteries played a meaningful role in medieval society. Not only did they offer women the rare opportunity of education and authority, but they also exerted influence beyond the cloister walls, shaping the wider cultural and religious landscape of Nidaros.
Access to kidney transplantation and re-Transplantation from childhood to adulthood : Long-Term data from the ERA Registry
(2025-08-01) Preka, Evgenia; Bonthuis, Marjolein; Marks, Stephen D; Kramer, Anneke; de Vries, Aiko P J; Sørensen, Søren S; Bakkaloğlu, Sevcan A; Bistrup, Claus; Jahnukainen, Timo; Arévalo, Olga L Rodriguez; Buchwinkler, Lukas; Segelmark, Mårten; Sanchez, J Emilio; Arnol, Miha; Ordóñez-Álvarez, Flor A; de la Cerda-Ojeda, Francisco; Plumb, Lucy A; Methven, Shona; Pálsson, Runólfur; Lundgren, Torbjörn; Ríos, Héctor; Ortiz, Alberto; Stel, Vianda S; Harambat, Jerome; Jager, Kitty J; Faculty of Medicine
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Knowledge regarding access to first kidney transplantation (KT) and subsequent KT in patients commencing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in childhood is limited. METHODS: Using European Renal Association (ERA) Registry data, we investigated European patients who started KRT below 20 years of age between 1978 and 2019. Access and determinants to first, second and third KT were assessed using multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS: 12 623, 4077, and 1186 patients were included while awaiting first, second and third KT, at median ages of 13.8 (IQR: 7.5-17.4), 20.9 (IQR: 16.5-26.1) and 26.6 (IQR: 20.3-32.8) years, respectively. During the study period, overall access was 87.8%, 72.7% and 60.5% for first, second and third KT, respectively, and median time to each KT was 0.9 (IQR: 0.2-2.1), 1.9 (0.6-4.5) and 2.6 (IQR: 1.0-5.3) years. Younger age at KRT initiation (aHR 0-4 vs. 10-14 years: 0.54; 95%CI: 0.51-0.57) and female sex (HR: 0.94; 95%CI: 0.90-0.98) were associated with lower access to first KT. KT candidates between 15-19 years had lower access to first and second KT (aHR: 0.69; 95%CI: 0.66-0.73, and aHR: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.61-0.81) compared to 10-14 year-olds. Compared to CAKUT, glomerulonephritis patients had lower access to KT (aHR: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.71-0.80 for first, aHR: 0.89; 95%CI: 0.81-0.98 for second and aHR: 0.80; 95%CI: 0.66-0.97 for third KT). Similarly, patients with primary renal diseases with high risk of recurrence, had lower chances of receiving a first and second KT (aHR: 0.80; 95%CI: 0.76-0.85 for first, aHR: 0.86; 95%CI: 0.78-0.95 for second KT). Access to re-transplantation was also higher with prior pre-emptive KT and previous graft survival exceeding five years. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights KT access disparities particularly for females, the youngest recipients, high-risk age (15-19 years), and diseases with recurrence risk. Notably, pre-emptive transplants and enduring previous grafts offer advantages regarding re-transplantation.
Conservation and restoration of Icelandic wetlands : An evaluation of progress towards implementation of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
(2025-04) Barry, Tom; School of Humanities and Social Sciences
This paper is focused on implementing a framework to evaluate Ramsar implementation at the national level and evaluating one country’s (Iceland) progress towards achieving the goals of the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar) —the only global Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) focused exclusively on the conservation and wise use of a specific ecosystem type. It does so through: Exploring the status and trends of Ramsar-designated wetlands and wetlands in general in Iceland; Evaluating progress towards Iceland's goals for wetland restoration and conservation; Analysing Iceland's Ramsar reporting to determine its adequacy in assessing progress towards Ramsar goals; Comparing Iceland's performance against its Ramsar commitments to assess its effectiveness in meeting these obligations; and Comparing Iceland’s progress in wetlands conservation and restoration with other Arctic states. In addition to improving our understanding of Iceland's progress in implementing its commitments to Ramsar, evaluating two key actions—wetlands conservation and restoration—is crucial. These actions have significant climate change adaptation and mitigation benefits and are important not only for Ramsar but also with regards to Iceland's ability to meet its commitments to two key global MEAs: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
The Central Arctic Ocean as a beacon of hope for the global ocean
(2025-10-17) Huntington, Henry P.; Fong, Allison; Lynch, Amanda; Hovelsrud, Grete; Dawson, Jackie; Macias-Fauria, Marc; Pan, Min; Troublé, Romain; Fox, Shari; Jansen, Teunis; Barry, Tom; School of Humanities and Social Sciences
The global ocean faces unprecedented challenges from overfishing, pollution, and climate change. The Central Arctic Ocean Fisheries Agreement is a rare, if not unprecedented, example of precautionary action in marine management. Further action is needed to address other forms of industrial activity in the region. Done well, this example can provide a model for sustainable ocean management around the world, based on sound evidence, inclusive governance, and long-term thinking.