Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Prevalence of overweight in 2 to 17 year-old children and adolescents whose parents live separately : A Nordic cross-sectional study
(2014) Hohwü, Lena; Gissler, Mika; Sjöberg, Agneta; Biehl, Anna M.; Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.; Obel, Carsten; Department of Psychology
Background: Comparative data of parental separation and childhood overweight has not been available before across the Nordic countries. The aim of this study was to examine the within-country prevalence and association between parental cohabitation and overweight in Nordic children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2-17-year-old children was conducted in 2011, titled: "NordChild". A random sample of 3,200 parents in each of the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden were invited to participate in the study with parents of 6,609 children accepting to give answers about their children's health and welfare including information on height and weight of each child and parental cohabitation (response rate 41.5%). The group differences in prevalence and adjusted odds ratio (OR) for overweight, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed in children whose parents lived separately. Additionally, a missing data analysis was performed to determine whether the adjusted estimates might result from confounding or selection bias. Results: A significant difference was observed in Iceland between children whose parents live separately compared to those who live with both parents (difference: 9.4%, 95% CI: 2.8; 15.9) but no such difference was observed in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. No significant odds of overweight were observed in children whose parents lived separately compared to children in normal weight at the time of study; Denmark: OR 1.03 (95% CI: 0.42; 2.53), Finland: OR 1.27 (95% CI: 0.74; 2.20), Iceland: OR 1.50 (95% CI: 0.79; 2.84), Norway: OR 1.46 (95% CI: 0.81; 2.62), and Sweden: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.61; 1.86). The missing data analysis indicated that the findings in Norway, Finland and Iceland were partly observed due to selection effects, whereas the adjustment in Denmark was due to confounding. The crude OR for overweight was higher in the 2-9-year-old group than in the 10-17-year-old group whose parents lived separately in Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Conclusions: No association between parental cohabitation and overweight in Nordic children was found. Our finding of greater prevalence of overweight in Icelandic children whose parents live separately may be an indication that the welfare system in Iceland is separating from the other Nordic countries.
Scaling properties of multi-fidelity shape optimization algorithms
(2012) Koziel, Slawomir; Leifsson, Leifur; Department of Engineering
Multi-fidelity optimization can be utilized for efficient design of airfoil shapes. In this paper, we investigate the scaling properties of algorithms exploiting this methodology. In particular, we study the relationship between the computational cost and the size of the design space. We focus on a specific optimization technique where, in order to reduce the design cost, the accurate high-fidelity airfoil model is replaced by a cheap surrogate constructed from a low-fidelity model and the shape-preserving response prediction technique. In this study, we consider the design of transonic airfoils and use the compressible Euler equations in the high-fidelity computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model. The low-fidelity CFD model is same as the high-fidelity one, but with coarser mesh resolution and reduced level of solver converge. The number of design variables varies from 3 to 11 by using NACA 4-digit airfoil shapes as well as airfoils constructed by Bézier curves. The results of the three optimization studies show that total cost increases from about 12 equivalent high-fidelity model evaluations to 34. The number of high-fidelity evaluations increases from 4 to 9, whereas the number of low-fidelity evaluations increases more rapidly, from 600 to 2000. This indicates that, while the overall optimization cost scales more or less linearly with the dimensionality of the design space, further cost reduction can be obtained through more efficient optimization of the surrogate model.
Computational optimization, modelling and simulation : Smart algorithms and better models
(2012) Yang, Xin She; Koziel, Slawomir; Leifsson, Leifur; Department of Engineering
Computational optimization is becoming a standard tool that is widely used in engineering design and industrial applications. Products and services are often concerned with the maximization of profits and reduction of cost, but also aim at being more energy-efficient, environment-friendly and safety-ensured; at the same time they are limited by resources, time and money. Despite of increasing computer power and availability of better simulation packages, there are a number of challenges remaining when applying numerical optimization methods for real-world engineering problems. Also, new challenges emerge when attempting to attack problems whose solution by means of simulation-based optimization was not even possible in the past. This third workshop on Computational Optimization, Modelling and Simulation (COMS 2012) at ICCS 2012 will further summarize the latest developments of optimization and modelling and their applications in science, engineering and industry.
Computational optimization, modelling and simulation : Recent advances and overview
(2011) Yang, Xin She; Koziel, Slawomir; Leifsson, Leifur; Department of Engineering
Computational optimization is becoming increasingly important in engineering design and industrial applications. Products and services are often concerned with the maximization of profits and reduction of cost, but also aim at being more energy-efficient, environment-friendly and safety-ensured; at the same time they are limited by resources, time and money. This second workshop on Computational Optimization, Modelling and Simulation (COMS 2011) at ICCS 2011 will further summarize the latest developments of optimization and modelling and their applications in science, engineering and industry.
Inverse design of transonic airfoils using variable-resolution modeling and pressure distribution alignment
(2011) Leifsson, Leifur; Koziel, Slawomir; Ogurtsov, Stanislav; Department of Engineering
The paper presents a computationally efficient and robust methodology for the inverse design of transonic airfoils. The approach replaces the direct optimization of an accurate, but computationally expensive, high-fidelity airfoil model by an iterative re-optimization of a corrected low-fidelity model. The low-fidelity model is based on the same governing fluid flow equations as the high-fidelity one, but uses coarser discretization and relaxed convergence criteria. The shape-preserving response prediction technique is utilized to align the pressure distribution of the low-fidelity model with that of the high-fidelity model. This alignment process is particularly suitable since a target pressure distribution is specified in the inverse design problem. The method is applied to constrained inverse airfoil design in inviscid transonic flow. The results show that the proposed method is able to match the target pressure distributions closely and requiring over 90 percent lower computational cost than when using only the high-fidelity model.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts