Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Consumer search patterns in online retailing
(2026-06-01) Dreneva, Anna; Orquin, Jacob L.; Department of Business and Economics
Online retailers routinely rely on sorting, filters, and personalized assortments, but the effectiveness of these design choices depends on how consumers search and decide in digital environments. This research develops a unified and behaviorally grounded framework that conceptualizes consumer search as a context-dependent screening process. Using a novel approach that integrates eye-tracking, mouse-scroll behavior, subjective product preferences, and choice data, we analyze sequences of search events across two studies. The findings show that consumers do not follow a single search strategy but instead adapt their search flexibly to product value and context. Search unfolds as an adaptive screening process in which consumers scan many low-value products, examine a smaller set of higher-value options, and compare only a few top candidates before choosing. Moreover, consumers search less when the overall value of seen products is higher. This framework integrates previously disconnected research streams on decision processes, stopping rules, and consideration set formation, and offers actionable guidance for design and decision-support tools in online retailing.
Broad-Range Inverse Design of Antennas Using Deep Neural Networks with Material Parameter Embedding and Rapid Fine-Tuning
(2026-09-01) Koziel, Slawomir; Pietrenko-Dabrowska, Anna; Department of Engineering
Contemporary antenna design increasingly depends on numerical optimization to manage multiple design variables, objectives, and constraints. In many applications, such as metasurfaces, antenna arrays, or redesign over wide operating ranges, global optimization is no longer optional but essential. However, conventional bioinspired algorithms are notoriously inefficient, while machine learning-based methods struggle to construct sufficiently accurate metamodels. This communication presents a new broad-range optimization strategy based on inverse data-driven surrogates implemented with deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). A custom embedding process is applied to allow constructing models covering diverse material properties (e.g., substrate permittivity). The surrogate maps antenna frequency responses to geometry parameters. Training data are generated in a dimensionally reduced space that captures the most influential directions in the design space, enabling accurate model construction with a limited number of samples. In the first phase, the inverse model produces an initial design directly from the performance specifications (e.g., desired operating bandwidth) mapped into a target frequency response, which is subsequently refined using an accelerated gradient-based optimizer. The presented approach is verified with two planar antennas optimized for the best reflection response and gain. The outcomes indicate that the inverse surrogate can be applied across a broad spectrum of frequencies, geometries, and substrate materials at a low cost of fewer than 30 electromagnetic (EM) analyses on average. Benchmarking demonstrates the benefits of our method and its practical edge over a broad spectrum of bioinspired, machine learning (ML), and surrogate-assisted population-based approaches.
Associations between strength and power and throwing performance in high-level male and female javelin throwers
(2026-05-18) Köykkä, Miika; Ihalainen, Johanna K.; Saari, Anssi; Waller, Benjamin; Cronin, Neil J.
Javelin throwing presents some unique characteristics compared to other overarm throwing sports and imposes considerable physical demands on the throwers. As these demands have not been adequately quantified in the literature, this study investigated the associations between strength, power, and javelin throwing performance. Thirteen male (age: 24 ± 3 years, personal best: 77.0 ± 5.7 m, javelin throwing as the primary sport: 8 ± 3 years) and fourteen female (24 ± 5 years, 55.6 ± 5.7 m, 8 ± 4 years) javelin throwers were tested for javelin throwing performance, unilateral and bilateral vertical jumps, standing overhead medicine ball throw, and isometric maximal strength in various upper and lower body exercises. In males, throwing performance was associated moderately to strongly with bilateral and unilateral drop and depth jump measures, and with forearm supination strength of the throwing arm (R = .56 to .72, p < .05). In females, throwing performance was associated moderately to strongly with ankle plantarflexion and hip abduction strength in each leg, as well as with grip and shoulder internal rotation strength of the throwing arm (R = .55 to .73, p < .05). The results show clear sex-specific differences in important strength and power measures for javelin throwing. In males, better throwers possess greater lower body power whereas better female throwers display greater upper and lower body maximal strength.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of an iCBT Program to Reduce Infertility-Related Stress : A Novel Digital Approach
(2026-06-23) Haflidadottir, Sigurbirna; Helgadottir, Fjola Dogg; Sighvatsson, Magnus Blondahl
The global burden of infertility and its associated psychological distress is substantial, yet many individuals face barriers to accessing psychological support. A scalable, low-cost online intervention presents a promising solution. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted (experimental vs. waitlist control group) to evaluate the efficacy of a fully automated cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program in reducing infertility-related stress among women attempting to conceive. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models on an intention-to-treat basis. The study enrolled 63 Icelandic women experiencing infertility-related stress. The intervention, Overcome Fertility Stress, is an online program designed to identify and modify maladaptive behaviors and thought patterns contributing to infertility-related distress. It delivers personalized treatment through prewritten text, audio, and video responses based on user input. Infertility-related stress was measured using the 46-item Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI), which assesses a global stress score and five domains of infertility-related stress. Participants in the experimental group demonstrated a significant reduction in infertility-related stress (mean reduction score = 22.85, p < 0.05), whereas the control group showed no significant changes (p > 0.05). The within-group effect was large, but controlled between-group effects and confidence intervals should be prioritized when interpreting treatment benefit. These findings provide preliminary controlled evidence that a fully automated CBT program may reduce infertility-related stress, although the underpowered sample and low adherence require cautious interpretation. This RCT, alongside prior feasibility studies, suggests that Overcome Fertility Stress may be a promising low-intensity intervention for infertility-related stress. No significant effects were observed on secondary outcomes measuring depression, anxiety, stress, or worry, suggesting the program is specific to infertility-related stress rather than a broader intervention for emotional disorder symptoms. Larger, adequately powered trials with stronger engagement strategies are needed. Future research should focus on expanding access and integrating digital psychological support into standard fertility care.
An Icelandic pangenome reference
(2026-08-19) Holley, Guillaume; Eggertsson, Hannes P.; Kristmundsdottir, Snaedis; Beyter, Doruk; Skuladottir, Astros Th; Moore, Kristjan H.S.; Olason, Pall I.; Gylfason, Arnaldur; Magnusson, Olafur T.; Oddsson, Asmundur; Stefansson, Hreinn; Helgason, Agnar; Masson, Gisli; Sulem, Patrick; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F.; Stefansson, Kari; Halldorsson, Bjarni V.; Department of Engineering
Reference bias is an issue that affects most genomic studies analysing short reads mapped to a reference genome1,2. It can be mitigated by mapping to multiple haplotypes represented in a pangenome3, 4–5. Here we introduce two new methods to address reference bias: Emblask for pangenome construction and Weaver for mapping to pangenomes at scale. Emblask is a hybrid long- and short-read haplotype-resolved dual assembly pipeline for parent–offspring trio data. Using Emblask, we assembled 698 Icelandic haplotypes and added them to the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium (HPRC) pangenome4 to construct an Icelandic pangenome reference (HPRC-ICE) including 51.41 million small variants. We mapped the short reads of 57,630 Icelanders to HPRC-ICE with Weaver and called 98.96 million variants, representing a 6.17% increase over mapping to a linear reference. We uncovered new variants in low-mappability regions, including a pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in GBA1 that associates with early onset Parkinson’s disease and a missense SNP in CBS that is pathogenic for homocystinuria. We replicated the GBA1 association in the UK Biobank6 with a targeted remapping of 429,193 British and Irish participants.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts