Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Electronic Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (e-SBIRT) for Gambling Harm : A Mixed-methods Acceptability Study
(2025-12) Wright, Simon; Smith, Jessica; Dighton, Glen; Quigley, Martyn; Dymond, Simon; Department of Psychology
Gambling harm is a significant public health burden, yet treatment uptake is low. Electronic screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (e-SBIRT) programmes have potential to increase uptake and improve treatment outcomes. However, no studies to date have investigated e-SBIRT in the context of gambling. We conducted a single-arm mixed-methods study of acceptability of e-SBIRT for gambling. Quantitative acceptability was indicated by users’ perceived satisfaction, impact and helpfulness of the e-SBIRT. Qualitative acceptability was explored using semi-structured interviews. Participants (n = 63), pre-screened for gambling severity, reported high levels of satisfaction with the e-SBIRT, found it helpful, and were more likely to seek treatment. Participants with higher gambling severity scores found the e-SBIRT more acceptable and were more likely to seek treatment following the intervention. Qualitative feedback (n = 7) supported the e-SBIRT’s acceptability. The present findings support the acceptability of e-SBIRT for gambling. Further research is required to refine the intervention and examine its effectiveness with those with gambling harm.
Infrared imaging used to observe the thermal response of the human skin to local cooling
(2025-11-30) Audunsson, Haraldur; Indridadottir, Lilja Bjork; Karlsson, Karl Ægir; Department of Engineering
Thermal imaging can provide novel data in laboratory exercises in physics and especially in quantitative physiology, for both quantitative analysis and modelling. In this paper we describe an exercise where the skin of the forearm is briefly cooled locally, the skin’s temperature recovery is observed with a thermal camera and the observations are analysed with the aid of simple thermal models. Although the thermal models applied are simple, they introduce several concepts from heat transfer and inspire quantitative modelling of the experimental data. The former model is very simple and is based on Newton’s law of cooling and it invites a second slightly more involved model including some analysis of heat transfer. The observed rate of temperature recovery is shown to be related to thermal properties of the skin and perfusion, and the experiment is a non-invasive measure of one aspect of the human thermoregulation. Thermal cameras are handy, they are becoming ever more accessible and can reveal novel insights when observing various physiological thermal process. This experiment may be of particular interest to students in health and biosciences that are taking undergraduate general physics courses and training data analysis.
SWOT Satellite Altimetry Observations and Source Model for the Tsunami from the 2025 M 8.8 Kamchatka Earthquake
(2025-11-26) Ruiz-Angulo, Angel; Melgar, Diego; de Marez, Charly; Deniau, Aurélien; Nencioli, Francesco; Hjörleifsdóttir, Vala; Department of Engineering
On 29 July 2025, an Mw 8.8 earthquake struck off Kamchatka, Russia, generating a Pacificwide tsunami and marking the largest earthquake since the launch of the surface water and ocean topography (SWOT) satellite in 2022. We analyze tsunami observations from SWOT together with three nearby deep-ocean assessment and reporting of tsunamis (DART) buoys to resolve the source of the event. SWOT provided the first high-resolution spaceborne track of a great subduction-zone tsunami, capturing waveforms that reveal complex propagation, dispersion, and scattering. Inversion of the DART time series using Gaussian unit sources shows that the rupture extended ∼400 km along strike, with peak uplift of ∼4 m, significantly different from the published finite-fault model. A blended source that combines the DART-inverted uplift with subsidence from the seismic–geodetic model best matches both datasets and reproduces the SWOT observations. Comparison with reconstructions of the 1952 Mw 9.0 Kamchatka earthquake indicates that the 2025 rupture likely reactivated significant portions of the megathrust that broke in 1952 but occurred farther down-dip and with little to no near-trench slip, consistent with its smaller tsunami impact. These findings highlight the hazard implications of short recurrence intervals of great earthquakes and show how rupture style governs tsunami severity. They also demonstrate the value of satellite altimetry for improving tsunami source characterization, post-event forecasting, and understanding of hydrodynamic processes.
The mobile health intervention for rural patients with atrial fibrillation a randomized controlled trial
(2025-11-01) Magnani, Jared W.; Plevniak, Keri; Ferry, Danielle; Martin, Deborah; Brooks, Maria M.; Kimani, Everlyne; Ólafsson, Stefán; Rollman, Bruce L.; Paasche-Orlow, Michael K.; El Khoudary, Samar R.; Bickmore, Timothy; Department of Computer Science
Background: Rural individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) experience challenges to anticoagulation adherence and self-management of the condition. We tested an intervention to improve anticoagulation adherence, quality of life, and health care utilization in rural individuals with AF. Methods: We randomized rural patients with AF receiving anticoagulation to receive a smartphone-based relational agent (for disease education and adherence guidance) and a heart rate and rhythm monitor for 4 months or a smartphone-based health education app. Adherence was determined with 12-month proportion of days covered (PDC), and secondary outcomes of quality of life and health care utilization from interviews and health records. Results: The trial randomized 270 individuals 1:1 (median [IQR] age 73.1 [67.5–78.6]; 163 [60.4 %] female sex). Over the 4-month intervention, intervention participants used the relational agent a median of 101 (IQR: 72, 110) days. In an intention-to-treat analysis there was no significant difference in 12-month PDC between the intervention and control groups (median [IQR]: intervention 0.97 [0.89–1.00] versus control 0.97 [0.92–1.00]) or in PDC ≥0.80. Intervention participants were more likely to self-report anticoagulation adherence than control at 4 and 8 months (95.7 % vs 88.4 % and 93.0 % vs 78.8 %, respectively) but not at 12 months. There were no significant differences by assigned intervention for the other secondary outcomes. Conclusions: Randomization to the relational agent intervention was not associated with improved PDC at 12-months but with greater interim self-reported adherence compared to a control. This study demonstrates the successful use of a smartphone-based agent to address adherence among rural individuals with AF.
New Insights Into the Proposed Geomagnetic Excursion Hilina Pali From High-Resolution Lake Sediment Cores From the Polar Ural Mountains, Arctic Russia
(2025-11) Scheidt, S.; Ólafsdóttir, S.; Brendryen, J.; Nowaczyk, N. R.; Lenz, M. M.; Svendsen, J. I.; Haflidason, H.; Department of Law
This study presents paleomagnetic records from three 24 m-long sediment cores from the neighboring lakes Bolshoye Shchuch'ye and Maloye Shchuch'ye, located about 10 km apart in the Polar Urals in northern Russia. The age model, based on radiocarbon dating and varve counting, shows that the sediment sequences reach back up to about 23.5 ka cal. BP. Mineral magnetic analyses indicate that the upper sedimentary sequence is not suitable for paleomagnetic analyses. Below about 6.7 m the paleosecular variation and relative paleointensity in the magnetic field in the period 23.6–14.8 ka cal. BP is reconstructed. The magnetostratigraphic results show very similar pattern in both lakes including a directional anomaly previously called the Bolshoye Shchuchye Event. This event is dated to the period 20.2–19.1 ka cal. BP accompanied with a low in relative paleointensity. Comparisons with sediment records from other regions suggest that this paleomagnetic feature represents the proposed Hilina Pali geomagnetic excursion, which is documented in unprecedented high resolution in the studied lakes. The reconstructed path of the virtual geomagnetic field during this event shows that the pole positions remain at latitudes higher than 55°N while describing a clockwise loop. According to varve counts the inclination deviation and virtual geomagnetic pole latitude deviation associated with Hilina Pali lasted 1135 ± 35 years and 1294 ± 44 years, respectively, in northern Russia.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts