Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
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Broadband multi-layered stepped cone shaped metamaterial absorber for energy harvesting and stealth applications
(2024-11) Bağmancı, Mehmet; Wang, Lulu; Sabah, Cumali; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Paul, Liton Chandra; Rani, Tithi; Unal, Emin; Department of Engineering
In this study, a broadband polarization and angle-independent metamaterial absorber (MA) is investigated in the microwave range. It is made up of a periodic array of multi-layered metal-dielectric stepped cones. Since the dimensions of the layers forming the unit cell are different, each layer resonates at different frequencies with overlapping bands. The overall response of the structure, with its extremely wide bandwidth, can be obtained by summing all the overlapping frequency responses corresponding to each layer. In numerical simulation, it is observed that the absorption at normal incidence is above 90% in the frequency range between 9.68 and 17.45 GHz and 95% in the frequency range between 9.91 and 14.86 GHz. The energy harvesting ratios of the structure are also evaluated in a wide spectral band. A power ratio of around 90% is obtained in the same frequency range in accordance with absorption response. A noticeable harvesting efficiency of up to 82% is observed, which represents the energy level converted into electrical energy on resistors.
Beyond the west : Revealing and bridging the gap between Western and Chinese phishing website detection
(2025-01) Yuan, Ying; Apruzzese, Giovanni; Conti, Mauro; Department of Computer Science
Phishing attacks are on the rise, and phishing websites are everywhere, denoting the brittleness of security mechanisms reliant on blocklists. To cope with this threat, many works proposed to enhance Phishing Website Detectors (PWD) with data-driven techniques powered by Machine Learning (ML). Despite achieving promising results both in research and practice, existing solutions mostly focus “on the West”, e.g., they consider websites in English, German, or Italian. In contrast, phishing websites targeting “Eastern” countries, such as China, have been mostly neglected—despite phishing being rampant also in this side of the world. In this paper, we scrutinize whether current PWD can simultaneously work against Western and Chinese phishing websites. First, after highlighting the difficulties of practically testing PWD on Chinese phishing websites, we create CghPghrg—a dataset which enables assessment of PWD on Chinese websites. Then, we evaluate 72 PWD developed by industry practitioners and 10 ML-based PWD proposed in recent research on Western and Chinese websites: our results highlight that existing solutions, despite achieving low false positive rates, exhibit unacceptably low detection rates (sometimes inferior to 1%) on phishing websites of different regions. Next, to bridge the gap we brought to light, we elucidate the differences between Western and Chinese websites, and devise an enhanced feature set that accounts for the unique characteristics of Chinese websites. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed feature set by replicating (and testing) state-of-the-art ML-PWD: our results show a small but statistically significant improvement over the baselines. Finally, we review all our previous contributions and combine them to develop practical PWD that simultaneously work on Chinese and Western websites, achieving over 0.98 detection rate while maintaining only 0.01 false positive rate in a cross-regional setting. We openly release all our tools, disclose all our benchmark results, and also perform proof-of-concept experiments revealing that the problem tackled by our paper extends to other “Eastern” countries that have been overlooked by prior research on PWD.
Between expectations and outcomes : Technology adopters' narratives and technology discourse dynamics
(2026-12) Bunduchi, Raluca; Candi, Marina; Department of Business and Economics
Expectations propel the evolution of emerging technologies, yet existing research generally assumes that expectations are gradually displaced by concrete outcomes as technologies mature and become widely accepted. We revisit this assumption by examining how technology adopters' temporal framings of technology performance, their expressions of concrete outcomes of technology adoption, and the broader technology discourse reflected in trade-press coverage relate to one another over time. We illuminate these patterns by tracing 21 years (2002−2022) of radio-frequency identification (RFID) adoption and analysing adopters' statements in 407 case stories published in The RFID Journal, coupled with a longitudinal corpus of trade-press coverage from the same period. Manual coding of adopters' expressions of concrete realised benefits and challenges in the case stories is combined with a purpose-built dictionary that detects five temporal positions in adopters' framings of RFID performance. We find that associations between concrete outcomes and temporal framings are selective and stage-dependent. Concrete outcomes do not simply replace expectations, instead, they become associated with specific temporal framings over time. We also find that adopters' temporal framings are associated with trade-press coverage in stage-specific ways that change over time, often amplifying but also sometimes tempering broader attention to RFID. We contribute to research on technology framing and expectations dynamics by foregrounding adopters as co-constructors of technology discourse, challenging the displacement assumption with a stage-sensitive explanation of expectation–outcome dynamics, and introducing a replicable, dictionary-based approach for large-scale analysis of temporal framings in technology narratives.
Beyond homogeneity : charting the landscape of heterogeneity in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric electroencephalography
(2025-12) Ebadi, Aida; Allouch, Sahar; Mheich, Ahmad; Tabbal, Judie; Kabbara, Aya; Robert, Gabriel; Lefebvre, Aline; Iftimovici, Anton; Rodríguez-Herreros, Borja; Chabane, Nadia; Hassan, Mahmoud
Electroencephalography (EEG) has been thoroughly studied for decades in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric research. Yet its integration into clinical practice as a diagnostic/prognostic tool remains unachieved. We hypothesize that a key reason is the underlying patient’s heterogeneity, overlooked in EEG research relying on a case-control approach. We combine high-density EEG with normative modeling to quantify this heterogeneity using two well-established and extensively investigated EEG characteristics -spectral power and functional connectivity- across a cohort of 1674 patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, learning disorder, or anxiety, and 560 matched controls. Normative models showed that deviations from population norms among patients were highly heterogeneous and frequency-dependent. Deviation spatial overlap across patients did not exceed 40% and 24% for spectral and connectivity, respectively. Considering individual deviations in patients has significantly enhanced comparative analysis, and the identification of patient-specific markers has demonstrated a correlation with clinical assessments, representing a crucial step towards attaining precision psychiatry through EEG.
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and maturation effects in bitter and sweet orange juices
(2025-05-05) Cavenaghi-Altemio, Angela Dulce; Martelli, Silvia Maria; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano; Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences
Bitter oranges (Citrus aurantium) and sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis) are commercially important citrus fruits with distinct uses and characteristics. Bitter oranges, primarily used as a flavoring agent, are rich in bioactive compounds, while sweet oranges dominate global citrus juice production. This study evaluated bitter orange juice at three maturation stages, comparing its physical, chemical, and bioactive properties with pasteurized pear orange juice (C. sinensis). Parameters assessed included water activity, pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, maturation index, vitamin C content, total phenolic (TP) content, total flavonoid (TF) content, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that the vitamin C content in bitter oranges decreased with ripening but remained comparable to pear orange juice in the ripe stage. TPs and TFs were highest in pasteurized pear orange juice, reflecting the stability of these compounds during thermal processing. The antioxidant activity varied significantly across bitter orange maturation stages, with intermediate fruits demonstrating the strongest capacity. However, the maturation stage had limited influence on the antioxidant activity compared to pear orange juice. Bitter orange juices, despite being less commercially prominent, offer distinct bioactive advantages and antioxidant potential. Future research should explore optimizing maturation and processing methods to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of bitter orange juices.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
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- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts