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igraph 1.0 enables fast and robust network analysis across programming languages
(2026-08-04) Antonov, Michael; Csárdi, Gábor; Horvát, Szabolcs; Müller, Kirill; Nepusz, Tamás; Noom, Daniel; Salmon, Maëlle; Traag, Vincent; Welles, Brooke Foucault; Zanini, Fabio; Department of Computer Science
Networks or graphs are widely used across the sciences to represent relationships of many kinds. The igraph (https://igraph.org) software library supports graph construction, analysis, and visualisation, combining fast and robust performance with a low entry barrier. igraph pairs a fast core written in C with beginner-friendly interfaces in Python, R, and Mathematica. After twenty years of development, igraph 1.0 has been released, enabling public access to a robust and stable network analysis with over a million monthly downloads. Thanks to its cross-language design, igraph delivers both speed and flexibility: it can handle billions of edges, supports interactive plotting, integrates with notebooks, facilitates conversions to and from other network libraries, includes a rich library of graph layout and community detection algorithms, and has a detailed documentation including non-English translations. Modern testing features such as continuous integration, address sanitizers, stricter typing, and memory-managed vectors have also increased robustness. Hundreds of bug reports have been fixed and a community forum has been opened to connect users and developers. Specific effort has been made to broaden use and community participation by women, non-binary people, and other demographic groups typically underrepresented in open source software.
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When war moves oil : Energy dependence and global equity responses to the 2026 Iran conflict
(2026-07-27) Kaczmarek, Tomasz; Demir, Ender; Rouatbi, Wael; Zaremba, Adam; Department of Business and Economics
We provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first systematic cross-country analysis of global equity market reactions to the U.S.-Israeli military operation against Iran on February 28, 2026, using daily returns from 67 countries. Stock prices declined materially, signaling a repricing of geopolitical risk. Cross-country heterogeneity reflects energy exposure: fuel exporters experienced smaller losses, while importers suffered larger declines. Nuclear capacity was associated with smaller losses, consistent with diversification benefits. Standard macroeconomic and geopolitical variables have limited explanatory power. Overall, the results suggest that energy markets are a central transmission channel for geopolitical shocks and point to the role of energy independence in financial resilience.
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Evaluating the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in behaviour analysis journals : An umbrella review
(2026-06-26) May, Richard; Campbell, Olivia; Apanasionok, Magda; Molina, Josh; Seel, Christopher; Totsika, Vaso; McTiernan, Aoife; Tennyson, Alan; Grindle, Corinna; Dymond, Simon; Department of Psychology
High-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses are essential for translating evidence into practice. We conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in the field of behaviour analysis up to and including 2023. Eligible studies were identified through targeted searches of seven behaviour analysis journals using APA PsycINFO. Quality was assessed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2) and Revised AMSTAR (R-AMSTAR) instruments. Temporal trends were analysed using Bayesian multilevel regression. The protocol was preregistered on the Open Science Framework (doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/U38Z4). We identified 64 reviews (16 of which included a meta-analysis), all of which were rated as ‘critically low’ quality using the AMSTAR 2 criteria. Methodological shortcomings included absent protocol registration, inadequate risk of bias assessment, and failure to assess publication bias. Mean R-AMSTAR adherence was 43.8% (range 11–66%) and increased by 1.08% per year (population-level average marginal effect from the multilevel logistic model (95% CI [0.59, 1.58]), indicating robust methodological improvement over time. Currently, many systematic reviews and meta-analyses in behaviour analysis do not yet meet contemporary standards of methodological rigour. Enhancing the quality, transparency, and consistency of evidence synthesis is vital if systematic reviews are to meaningfully inform practice.
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Unraveling physical performance over time in hospitalized older patients with walking limitation : the role of ultrasound-derived vastus lateralis muscle thickness
(2026-06-25) Phillip, Jeppe Grabov; Oddsson, Hjalti Rúnar; Ryg, Jesper; Suetta, Charlotte; Masud, Tahir; Minet, Lisbeth Rosenbek
Acute hospitalization is a critical stressor that often leads to functional decline in older patients, highlighting the need for simple markers to identify at-risk individuals. Ultrasound is a feasible bedside tool for muscle mass assessment and has been proposed as a marker of physical function, but its prognostic value remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between ultrasound-derived muscle thickness (US-MT) and physical performance over time—gait speed (GS) and 30-s sit-to-stand (30s STS)—and selected clinical outcomes. In this prospective cohort study conducted in a geriatric department, adults aged ≥ 65 years with admission-related walking limitations were assessed at admission, discharge, 1 month, and 3 months. US-MT of the vastus lateralis was assessed at admission using ultrasonography. Longitudinal associations between US-MT and GS and 30s STS were examined using mixed-effects models. Associations with length of hospital stay (LOS), 3-month falls incidence, and 3-month mortality were examined using regression models. Among 243 participants, GS and 30s STS increased from admission to follow-up. Greater admission US-MT was modestly associated with faster GS in women (0.037 m/s; 95% CI 0.022–0.051) and with better 30s STS performance across sexes (IRR 1.24; 95% CI 1.00–1.53) across all time points. US-MT was not associated with trajectories of physical performance or with LOS, falls, or mortality. These findings suggest that admission US-MT may provide complementary bedside information on physical performance level, rather than serving as a standalone marker of recovery or clinical prognosis. ClinicalTrials.gov:
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The I of the Storm : Entrepreneurial Action as Practical Reason
(2026-06-15) Dimov, Dimo; Garmann Johnsen, Christian; Department of Business and Economics
In blurring the distinction between third- and first-person perspectives of entrepreneurial action, current theories fail to differentiate the knowledge domains of scholars and entrepreneurs. We develop a shift in theorizing entrepreneurial action, focusing on a self engaged in practical reasoning. In our framework, entrepreneurial action is what makes one an entrepreneur—there is no entrepreneur prior to it. We elucidate entrepreneurial action as implicating a complex intention, with the entrepreneurial self as the cause of action. Entrepreneurship thus entails time-extended, social agency: entrepreneurs act both in the present and for the future. By regaining the first-person footing of entrepreneurial action theory, we open new avenues for theoretical development.

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