Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Scattering and Absorption Imaging of the Hengill High-Temperature Geothermal Area, Southwest Iceland
(2025-05) Napolitano, Ferdinando; De Siena, Luca; Amoroso, Ortensia; Ágústsdóttir, Thorbjörg; Benediktsdóttir, Ásdís; Palo, Mauro; Hjörleifsdóttir, Vala; Capuano, Paolo; Department of Engineering
We applied 3D scattering and absorption imaging to the Hengill volcanic area (southwest Iceland), where high-enthalpy geothermal reservoirs are presently harnessed. These techniques have shown the potential for detecting magmatic intrusions and fluid reservoirs in volcanic regions. Here, we target seismic scattering and absorption as proxies of the elastic and anelastic properties of the crust to understand their potential in areas of geothermal energy extraction. The harnessed Nesjavellir geothermal field was used as a benchmark to extend interpretation into non-harnessed areas and provide better insight when evaluating exploitable geo-resources. Shallow, high-scattering anomalies mark the sub-vertical Hengill fissure swarm. Deeper low-scattering volumes likely highlight sub-horizontal magmatic intrusions beneath the Hengill central volcano, whose less fractured volume acts as a barrier for the surrounding seismicity. At Nesjavellir, high absorption co-located with high scattering volumes spatially correlates with previously detected high Vp/Vs volumes, suggesting the existence of fluid- and/or melt-filled complex seismically active networks of faults and fractures. Our results suggest the presence of geothermal reservoirs in non-harnessed areas (Mosfellsheiði and Ölkelduháls) shown by similar high-absorption anomalies at depths comparable with the Nesjavellir geothermal resource. Scattering and absorption imaging complement more standard imaging techniques, improving interpretation in geothermal resource exploration.
Effects of exercise and a lifestyle app on sleep disordered breathing, physical health and quality of life
(2025-05) Fridgeirsdottir, Katrin Y.; Murphy, Conor J.; Islind, Anna Sigridur; Árnadóttir, Birta S.; Hrubos-Strøm, Harald; Arnardottir, Erna S.; Saavedra, Jose M.; Department of Engineering; Department of Computer Science; Department of Sport Science
Background Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a growing public health problem, and noninvasive treatments may be a valid option. The objective of this randomised controlled trial was to assess the effects of a 12-week exercise programme and a lifestyle app on SDB severity, physical health (anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in 18-to 50-year-old adults with mild-to-moderate SDB. Methods 192 participants (age 37.4±6.3 years, body mass index (BMI) 33.3±4.2 kg·m−2, 52.6% males) with mild-to-moderate SDB (apnoea–hypopnea index (AHI) ⩾5<30.0, objective snore ⩾10%) were randomised into: exercise (three times/week, 60 min), app and control groups. The assessments included a 3-night self-applied polysomnography, anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness and HRQoL. Repeated ANOVA, Wilcoxon signed-rank and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to evaluate the changes. Results Time effect was observed in AHI (F=6.290, p=0.014), neck circumference (F=5.253, p=0.024), hand dynamometry (F=7.102, p=0.009), and 6-min walking test (F=8.340, p=0.005). Group × time interactions were observed in weight (F=9.318, p⩽0.001), BMI (F=9.302, p⩽0.001), body fat percentage (F=4.756, p=0.01), body fat mass (F=5.916, p=0.004) and skeletal muscle mass (F=9.380, p⩽0.001). Intragroup changes were observed in physical functioning, vitality and general health in both the exercise and app groups, in addition to role limitations due to physical health in the exercise group. Conclusions The 12-week exercise programme reduced AHI and increased skeletal muscle mass, physical fitness and HRQoL in four domains. The lifestyle app programme reduced weight, BMI, neck circumference, body fat, visceral adiposity and skeletal muscle mass while increased three HRQoL domains in participants with mild-to-moderate SDB.
Quantifying Impairments in the Subacute Phase of Whiplash Associated Disorders—A Cross-Sectional Study
(2025-04) Ragnarsdóttir, Harpa; Oddsdóttir, Guðný Lilja; Gíslason, Magnús Kjartan; Briem, Kristín; Department of Engineering
Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WADs) often result from traffic accidents, leading to persistent symptoms, including neck pain, disability, dizziness, and central sensitization (CS). A key concern is cervical range of motion (cROM) impairment and sensorimotor dysfunction, which contribute to prolonged disability. This study assessed functional performance in individuals with subacute (>1, <3 months) WADs (n = 122) compared to healthy controls (n = 45). Clinical measures included cROM, movement control (Butterfly test), and position sense (Head–Neck Relocation Test, HNRT). Patient-reported outcomes included neck disability, pain intensity, central sensitization, and dizziness. Mixed and linear models evaluated group differences and the influence of demographic and symptom-related factors. WAD patients had significantly reduced cROM and impaired movement control (p < 0.001). Neck disability (p < 0.001) and pain intensity (p = 0.015) affected cROM within the WAD group. Interaction effects revealed greater amplitude accuracy (AA) impairments at greater difficulty levels (p = 0.043), while time on target (TOT) differences decreased (p < 0.001). Dizziness was associated with increased undershoot (p < 0.001), while pain negatively impacted both AA (p = 0.003) and TOT (p = 0.037). Position sense did not differentiate WAD patients from controls. Findings suggest task-dependent sensorimotor deficits, highlighting the need for multimodal assessment. Early CS screening may optimize rehabilitation and prevent chronic disability.
Psychological Intervention for Patients with Biopsychosocial Late Effects Following Surgery for Colorectal Cancer with Peritoneal Metastases—A Feasibility Study
(2025-04) Balachandran, Rogini; Thaysen, Henriette Vind; Christensen, Peter; Nissen, Eva Rames; O’Toole, Mia Skytte; Knutzen, Sofie Møgelberg; Buskbjerg, Cecilie Dorthea Rask; Wu, Lisa Maria; Tauber, Nina; Amidi, Ali; Danielsen, Josefine Tingdal Taube; Zachariae, Robert; Iversen, Lene Hjerrild; Department of Psychology
Background: Up to 80% of patients experience late effects (LE) one year after surgery for peritoneal metastases (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). We tested the feasibility and outcome of a treatment strategy to address LEs. Methods: During January 2021–May 2023, patients who had undergone surgery for CRC-PM in Denmark were screened for biopsychosocial LEs (anxiety, depression, fear of cancer recurrence, insomnia, cognitive impairment, pain, fatigue). Patients scoring according to clinical cut-offs were referred to a Multi-Disciplinary Team conference (MDT). The patients, surgeon(s), nurse(s), and psychologists participated in the MDT, identified key concerns and proposed a personalized intervention. Pre- and post-intervention, patients completed a “Measure Yourself Concerns and Wellbeing” (MYCaW) questionnaire, rating the two most distressing LEs and general wellbeing on a 7-point Likert scale. Results: Of 28 eligible patients, 13 (59 years (mean), 85% women) accepted referral, participated in the MDT, and were offered a personalized intervention. The intervention was completed by 11 patients. Improvement in MYCaW score was observed 1 month postintervention for all three items: (1) the primary LE (p = 0.003, Hedges’s g 1.54), (2) the secondary LE (p < 0.001, Hedges’s g 1.65), and (3) general wellbeing (p = 0.005, Hedges’s g 1.09). This improvement was sustained 6 months postintervention. The 15 non-participants were, in general, older (66 years (mean), men 73%). Conclusions: Screening for LEs and conducting an MDT can provide a personalized intervention plan, which patients are able to complete and may benefit from.
Modeling of Industrial Electric Arcs Using Different Plasma Gas Compositions
(2025-04) Haraldsson, Hákon Valur; Reynolds, Quinn; Tesfahunegn, Yonatan A.; Saevarsdottir, Gudrun; Department of Engineering
Electric arcs are an important heat source in submerged arc furnaces that are used in the pyrometallurgical production of silicon. They are therefore of great interest to study so that the production process can be improved and made more efficient. Modeling of industrial arcs is a multiphysics problem that involves simultaneously solving several coupled physical phenomena, such as electromagnetics, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer, including radiative heat transfer from the plasma arc. Coupling fluid dynamics and electromagnetics is known as Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Two MHD model implementations developed by the authors are used to simulate alternating current arcs with different plasma gas compositions. The thermophysical properties of each composition are calculated using specialized code as well as gathered from literature. We investigate the dependence of the results on both the MHD model used and the input plasma data for three argon data sets and compare the results to data obtained from laboratory experiments. Finally, we investigate furnace conditions using different ratios of SiO to CO gases.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
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- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts