Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
KokemUX : Step-by-Step UX Design Process
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2024-10-13) Larusdottir, Marta; Roto, Virpi; Visescu, Ioana; Department of Computer Science
Ensuring that software meets users’ needs is crucial for a good user experience. However, software developers sometimes prioritise their own needs, resulting in software that falls short for users. This tutorial introduces the KokemUX process, a structured user-centred approach to software development. By prioritising user needs throughout the development process, KokemUX ensures a positive user experience. Participants will learn key steps like creating an Eagle View, analysing user groups, and defining UX goals. Ideal for researchers and developers, this hands-on tutorial offers practical guidance for designing original and user-friendly digital services.
Absolute beta power in exercisers and nonexercisers in preparation for the oddball task
(2024-10-02) Machado, Marcos; Fonseca, Renato; Zanchetta, Giovanna; Amoroso, Carlos; Vasconcelos, Alexandre; Costa, Élida; Nicoliche, Eduardo; Gongora, Mariana; Orsini, Marco; Vicente, Renan; Teixeira, Silmar; Budde, Henning; Cagy, Mauricio; Velasques, Bruna; Ribeiro, Pedro
Background High levels of physical conditioning are associated with improvements in cognitive performance. In this sense, electroencephalographic (ECG) correlates are used to investigate the enhancing role of physical exercise on executive functions. Oscillations in the β frequency range are proposed to be evident during sensorimotor activity. Objective To investigate the ECG changes influenced by aerobic and resistance exercises performed in an attention task by analyzing the differences in absolute β power in the prefrontal and frontal regions before, during, and after the oddball paradigm in practitioners and nonpractitioners of physical exercise. Methods There were 15 physical activity practitioners (aged 27 ǂ 4.71) and 15 nonpractitioners (age 28 ǂ 1.50) recruited. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was implemented to observe the main effect and the interaction between groups and moments (rest 1, pre-stimulus, and rest 2). Results An interaction between group and moment factors was observed for Fp1 (p < 0.001); Fp2 (p ¼ 0.001); F7 (p < 0.001); F8 (p < 0.001); F3 (p < 0.001); Fz (p < 0.001); and F4 (p < 0.001). Electrophysiological findings clarified exercisers’ specificity and neural efficiency in each prefrontal and frontal subarea. Conclusion Our findings lend support to the current understanding of the cognitive processes underlying physical exercise and provide new evidence on the relationship between exercise and cortical activity.
Evaluating the Use of Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UASs) for Planetary Exploration in Mars Analog Terrain
(2024-10-01) Carr, Brett B.; Varnam, Matthew; Hadland, Nathan; Shah, Jahnavi; Voigt, Joana R.C.; Gwizd, Samantha; Stack, Kathryn M.; Calef, Fred; Francis, Raymond; Basu, Udit; Björnsson, Baldur; Chen, Colin X.; Dong, Elisa; Moersch, Jeffrey E.; Phillips, Michael; Springer, Joshua; Neish, Catherine D.; Hamilton, Christopher W.; Department of Computer Science
Planetary analog mission simulations are essential for testing science operations strategies and technologies. They also teach us how to use terrestrial analogs to inform studies of extraterrestrial environments. Unoccupied aircraft systems (UASs) have great potential for planetary surface exploration as demonstrated by the Mars 2020 Ingenuity helicopter and the in-development Dragonfly mission to Saturn’s moon Titan. Although applications of UAS technology for planetary exploration remain largely unexplored, simulated missions in planetary analog terrains can inform operational best practices. As part of the Rover-Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network project, we simulated a 12 sol UAS mission on Mars in the Holuhraun region of Iceland. The UAS had airborne imaging capability, as well as imaging, sampling, and geochemical analysis capabilities while landed. The mission evaluated the use of these instruments and developed operational strategies for using UASs to explore a planetary surface. Oblique airborne images were essential for mission planning and were used to scout large areas to identify both potential landing sites and targets for focused investigations. The airborne and landed data collected by the UAS allowed for detailed observations and interpretations not possible with analog orbital data sets, resulting in an improved scientific return for the simulated UAS mission compared to a premission analysis of only the analog orbital data. As a planetary exploration vehicle, a UAS is most advantageous for exploring large areas (many square kilometers) and is particularly useful when the terrain may be impassable to ground-based traverses (e.g., by rovers or humans).
The Icelandic Prevention Model Evaluation Framework and Implementation Integrity and Consistency Assessment
(2024-10) Mann, Michael J.; Allegrante, John P.; Smith, Megan L.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.; Department of Psychology
The Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) follows a systematic but flexible process of community capacity building, data collection, analysis, dissemination, and community-engaged decision-making to guide the data-informed selection, prioritization, and implementation of intervention strategies in preventing adolescent substance use. This paper describes two new evaluation tools intended to assess the: 1) integrity of IPM implementation, and 2) unique aspects of IPM implementation in different community contexts. These evaluation tools include a: 1) five-phase IPM Evaluation Framework for Assessing Value Across Communities, Cultures, and Outcomes (IPM-EF); and 2) 10-Step IPM Implementation Integrity and Consistency Assessment (IPM-IICA) that utilizes both quantitative (scored) and qualitative (narrative) data elements to characterize implementation integrity and consistency at both community coalition and school community levels. The IPM-EF includes five phases. Phase 1: Describe the Intervention Context; Phase 2a: Document the Extent to Which the 10 Steps of the IPM were Implemented (using the IPM-IICA scored); Phase 2b: Document the Unique Community-Specific Methods Used within the 10 Steps of the IPM to Tailor Local Intervention Delivery (using the IPM-IICA narrative); Phase 3: Measure Changes in Community Risk and Protective Factors; Phase 4: Measure the Outcomes Associated with the IPM; and Phase 5: Investigate Multiple Full Cycles Over Time.
Electronic-Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (e-SBIRT) for Addictive Disorders : Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(2024-10) Jones, Matthew; Seel, Christopher J.; Dymond, Simon; Department of Psychology
Background: Addictive disorders are significant global public health burdens. Treatment uptake with these disorders is low and outcomes can be mixed. Electronic screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (e-SBIRT) programs have potential to improve uptake and treatment outcomes. To date, however, no prior review of the literature has been conducted to gauge the effectiveness of e-SBIRT for addictive disorders. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature concerning e-SBIRT for addictive disorders by surveying the MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PsycInfo databases on January 17, 2023. Results: Ten articles were included at analysis reporting evaluation of e-SBIRT interventions for substance use disorders including alcohol use in a variety of settings. No articles were identified regarding treatment for behavioral addictions such as disordered/harmful gambling. Meta-analysis found e-SBIRT to be effective at reducing drinking frequency in the short term only. e-SBIRT was not found to be advantageous over control conditions for abstinence or other treatment outcomes. We identified and described common components of e-SBIRT programs and assessed the quality of available evidence, which was generally poor. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that research regarding e-SBIRT is concentrated exclusively on higher-risk substance use. There is a lack of consensus regarding the effectiveness of e-SBIRT for addictive disorders. Although common features exist, e-SBIRT designs are variable, which complicates identification of the most effective components. Overall, the quality of outcome evidence is low, and furthermore, high-quality experimental treatment evaluation research is needed.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts