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Verk
Application of lidars for assessment of wind conditions on a bridge site
(2015-06) Jakobsen, Jasna Bogunović; Cheynet, Etienne; Snæbjörnsson, Jónas Þór; Mikkelsen, Torben; Sjöholm, Mikael; Angelou, Nikolas; Mann, Jakob; Svardal, Benny; Kumer, Valerie; Reuder, Joachim; Department of Engineering
Wind measurement techniques based on remote optical sensing, extensively applied in wind energy, have been exploited in civil engineering only in a limited number of studies. The present paper introduces a novel application of wind lidars in bridge engineering, and presents the findings from the pilot measurement campaign on the Lysefjord Bridge in the South-West Norway. A single long-range pulsed WindScanner lidar and two short-range continuous-wave WindScanner lidars were deployed, in addition to five sonic anemometers installed on the bridge itself, the latter for long-term wind characterization. The paper presents a promising comparison of the measurements obtained by the three different sets of instruments, and discusses their complementary value.
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Tactics in B2B Negotiations in SMEs
(Háskólinn í Reykjavík, 2018) Sigurðardóttir, Aldís Guðný; Candi, Marina; Department of Business and Economics
This thesis deals with negotiation tactics in business-to-business (B2B) settings. The term negotiation tactics refers to negotiator behavior, both verbal and non-verbal, throughout the negotiation process. The aim of this thesis is to examine the negotiation tactics used in actual, real-life B2B settings, and to explore what drives and influences negotiation behavior. The term negotiation tactics is well established in the negotiation literature, but the study of negotiation tactics has mainly focused on distinguishing among different types of tactics (e.g. ethical vs. non-ethical, aggressive vs. non-aggressive, competitive vs. cooperative). Actual, real-life use of negotiation tactics in B2B negotiations has been less studied. Because of the scarcity of research in this area, a research strategy combining qualitative and quantitative research methods was adopted for this project, which is built around three academic papers. Empirical data were collected from B2B small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in four European countries: Iceland, Poland, Denmark, and Germany. The subject material is viewed through various theoretical lenses, including Social Identity Theory, Social Network Theory, B2B Marketing Theory, Expectancy Theory, Principal-Agent Theory, and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. This thesis summarizes the papers’ main findings and resulting contributions to theory and practice. The findings of the first paper, which focuses on B2B negotiations in creative sectors and employs a case research methodology, indicate that negotiators in creative sectors use negotiation tactics whose underlying aim is to prioritize negotiators’ ability to create rather than securing economic gain. A category of negotiation tactics not anticipated by the existing literature—referred to as closure seeking tactics—was identified in the creative sector firms’ study. The findings of the second paper, which are based on observations of live, real-time negotiations, indicate that there are differences between buyers’ and sellers’ uses of negotiation tactics and that usage varies depending on a negotiator’s selected negotiation strategy. The findings further indicate that variable pay influences the negotiation behavior of both buyers and sellers and is associated with the use of competitive negotiation strategies, including distributive negotiation tactics, which could jeopardize firms’ long-term business relationships. Finally, the findings of the third paper, which reports on quantitative survey-based research, suggest that the use of integrative negotiation tactics is positively related to market performance and that this relationship is strengthened when combined with the use of distributive negotiation tactics. Based on a comparison between data collected in a risk-averse culture (Poland) and a risk-taking culture (Denmark), the findings indicate that in the risk-taking culture the use of integrative negotiation tactics is not related to market performance and the use of distributive negotiation tactics is negatively related to market performance. In the risk-averse culture, the use of both integrative and distributive tactics is positively related to market performance. Together, these findings suggest that in a culture where integrative negotiation tactics are expected, their use might not constitute a competitive advantage, which could explain the lack of a statistically significant relationship with market performance. Meanwhile, in a culture where distributive negotiation tactics might be the norm, the use of integrative tactics might constitute a competitive advantage. Overall, the findings of this research confirm the importance of better understanding negotiation tactics in B2B settings.
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Quantum fluctuations of non-Lorentzian black holes
(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Physical Sciences, 2026-08-26) Harksen, Matthias; Watse Sybesma; Faculty of Physical Sciences (UI); Raunvísindadeild (HÍ); School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI); Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ)
Ritgerðin fjallar um þyngdarskammtafræði. Hún kannar djúpstæð tengsl sem eru til staðar milli þyngdarfræði eins og henni er lýst í almennu afstæðiskenningunni og hornrækinnar skammtasviðsfræði í einni lægri rúmvídd. Þessi samsvörun nefnist þyngdarfræðileg heilmyndun og hefur ýmsar birtingarmyndir, en ein sú einfaldasta felur í sér að þyngdarfræði í tvívíðu tímarúmi með fastan neikvæðan krappa sé jafngild hornrækinni skammtasviðskenningu sem býr á jaðri þess. Í ritgerðinni er síðan rannsakað hvernig þessi samsvörun og skyldar hugmyndir taka á sig nýja mynd þegar horfið er frá hefðbundnum afstæðilegum samhverfum yfir í óafstæðilegar samhverfur, svo sem Galíleó-, Carroll- og Lifshitz-samhverfur. Meginuppistaða ritgerðarinnar eru þrjár rannsóknagreinar sem fjalla um ólíka þætti óafstæðilegrar þyngdarfræði. Fyrsta greinin fjallar um Carroll-strengjafræði, þar sem athugað er hvernig lýsa megi strengjum í markgildi þar sem hraði ljóss stefnir á núll, sem er viðeigandi lýsing í grennd við sjóndeild svarthola og á jaðri tímarúmsins. Önnur greinin fjallar um skammtafræðilega leiðréttingarliði við varmafræði tvívíðs þinilsviðslíkans sem fæst með víddarlækkun á Lifshitz-svartholi. Þar er markmiðið að varpa ljósi á hvernig varmafræðilegir skammtaeiginleikar svarthola hegða sér þegar horfið er frá hefðbundnum afstæðilegum samhverfum. Þriðja greinin fjallar um óafstæðilegt Galíleó-de Sitter rúm. Þar er leitast við að skilja betur óafstæðilega Newton-Cartan rúmfræði og afleiðingar hennar fyrir heimsfræði þar sem afstæðilegar forsendur eru ekki lengur til staðar í sinni hefðbundnu mynd. Auk greinanna þriggja inniheldur meginmál ritgerðarinnar alþýðlegan inngang. Þar má finna hugleiðingar um það hvers vegna grunnrannsóknir eru mikilvægar fyrir mannkynið og jafnframt stutta kynningu fyrir hinn almenna lesanda á því fræðasviði í háorkueðlisfræði sem greinarnar leggja sitt af mörkum til. Þar að auki fylgir fræðilegur kafli sem byggður er á röð fyrirlestra sem ég sótti í doktorsnáminu mínu. Sá kafli skýrir hið afstæðilega sjónarmið sem greinarnar sjálfar byggja á.
Verk
Infallible Iceland? State violence and the struggle for truth, 1968-1998
(University of Iceland, School of Humanities, Faculty of Philosophy, History and Archaeology, 2026-08-10) Brynjarsson, Tryggvi Rúnar; Guðmundur Hálfdanarson; Ragnheiður Kristjánsdóttir; Faculty of Philosophy, History and Archaeology (UI); Deild heimspeki, sagnfræði og fornleifafræði (HÍ); School of Humanities (UI); Hugvísindasvið (HÍ)
In this dissertation, I examine the pattern by which the Icelandic state managed and deflected violence-claims brought against it by aggrieved citizens between 1968 and 1998. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s analytics of power and his conceptualization of regimes of truth, I argue that a particular political logic, what I call the rationality of infallibility, underwrote a recurring repertoire of denial that worked to prevent state violence from being recognized as such. It shows how denial, on Stanley Cohen’s account a structured social and political phenomenon as much as a psychological one, assumed specific historical forms governed by the rationality of infallibility, within a produced horizon that naturalized, in advance, which voices could speak and what narratives could be accepted as true. I trace this rationality and its effects through a microhistorical series following a quartet of outsiders who struggled against it: Haraldur Ómar Vilhelmsson, whose near-fatal assault became, in the hands of authorities, the occasion for his own prosecution; Helgi Hóseasson, whose decade-long struggle to invalidate his baptismal covenant culminated in a nationally televised performance in which he staged state violence; Þorgeir Þorgeirson, the first Icelander to receive a favorable ruling from the European Court of Human Rights after having been censored for writing on state violence; and Sævar Marinó Ciesielski, wrongfully convicted of homicide on the basis of coerced confessions. Each case is reconstructed from previously unused or underused archival sources, and each is read as a high-stakes confrontation that forced the rationality of infallibility to react, and, in reacting, to leave a paper trail of its recurring tactics of denial. The dissertation intervenes both methodologically and politically: by placing these four cases in relation to one another — a coordination systematically foreclosed while the outsiders were alive — it works against the state’s own strategy of individualization, which has kept each grievance contained as an anomalous, and thus manageable, episode. In addition to Foucault and Cohen, the dissertation draws on a range of other interlocutors, developing an original analytical vocabulary to map both the state’s techniques of containment and the outsiders’ methods for contesting them. Together, the microhistorical series constitutes a cumulative stress-test rather than a representative sample; its diagnostic force derives from the clarity with which it exposes the paradox at the heart of the state’s image: an ideal of exceptional innocence that its own violent practice continuously jeopardized. Violence was exercised, as by any modern state, yet it simply could not be publicly owned. This paradox ultimately produced, for the state’s victims, a uniquely cruel outcome: a spectral existence where acknowledgment remained perpetually out of reach.

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