Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Space mapping with adaptive response correction for microwave design optimization
(2009-02) Koziel, Slawomir; Bandler, John W.; Madsen, Kaj; Department of Engineering
Output space mapping is a technique introduced to enhance the robustness of the space-mapping optimization process in case the space-mapped coarse model cannot provide sufficient matching with the fine model. The technique often works very well; however, in some cases it fails. Especially in the microwave area where the typical model response (e.g., |S21|) is a highly nonlinear function of the free parameter (e.g., frequency), the output space-mapping correction term may actually increase the mismatch between the surrogate and fine models for points other than the one at which the term was calculated, as in the surrogate model optimization process. In this paper, an adaptive response correction scheme is presented to work in conjunction with space-mapping optimization algorithms. This technique is designed to alleviate the difficulties of the standard output space mapping by adaptive adjustment of the response correction term according to the changes of the space-mapped coarse model response. Examples indicate the robustness of our approach.
A mixed methods study of sugar sweetened beverage consumption and sleep quality among university students in West Virginia
(2026-12) Pathan, Maryam; Dangpiaei, Saba; Kristjansson, Alfgeir; Department of Psychology
Objective: University students are at a higher risk of poor sleep quality due to academic and behavioral stressors. This study examined the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and sleep quality among university students in West Virginia, United States using a mixed-methods approach. Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey was administered among students aged ≥ 18 years enrolled at a university from April to December 2024. The survey collected information on demographics, daily SSB use (≥ 1/day), and sleep quality assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Students’ perceptions of the impact of SSBs on sleep were captured through an open-ended question. Quantitative data were analyzed using logistic regression, and qualitative responses were analyzed thematically. Results: Among 426 participants, 33.1% reported daily SSB use. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral covariates, daily SSB intake was associated with lower odds of good sleep quality (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32–0.93, p = 0.03). Of the total sample, 304 participants responded to the open-ended question. Seven themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of which the most frequently reported themes were perceived effects of SSBs on sleep (36.2%), timing of consumption (17.1%), and avoidance strategies (15.1%). Conclusions: Daily SSB intake was associated with poor sleep quality among university students. Qualitative findings suggest that this relationship is complex and influenced by multiple behavioral and contextual factors. These results highlight the need for multifaceted health promotion strategies targeting multiple health behaviors to improve sleep quality among university students.
Externalized anger as a mediator of harsh parenting and substance use among Appalachian adolescents
(2026-06) Mills, Rosalina; Tebes, Jacob K.; Strambler, Michael J.; Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.; Department of Psychology
Adolescent substance use (SU) is a prevalent public health issue in the United States. Understanding how known risk factors such as harsh parenting and externalized anger may impact youth SU is crucial for structuring primary prevention efforts and interventions. This study examines the relationship between harsh parenting and both current SU and SU severity. We assess whether, and to what extent, externalized anger mediates the relationship between harsh parenting and the two SU outcomes. Two waves of a biannual prospective cohort study administered to adolescents between 10–16 years of age were used to test mediation models for SU outcomes. The sample was 44.5% female, 87.2% White, and 95.7% non-Hispanic. Significant direct effects (p ' 0.05) were observed between harsh parenting and externalized anger (Stand. β = 0.27); harsh parenting and current SU (Stand. β = 0.11); and externalized anger and current SU (Stand. β = 0.33). Significant indirect effects were also observed between harsh parenting and current SU (Stand. β = 0.09) and between harsh parenting and SU severity (Stand. β = 0.06). Results indicate a total effect between harsh parenting and adolescent SU of Stand. β = 0.198; about 44% of which is attributed to mediation via externalized anger. While no significant direct effect between harsh parenting and SU severity was found, significant mediation effects (Stand. β = 0.06) were found for the role of externalized anger. While harsh parenting is known to affect adolescent SU directly, we found that this relationship is emphasized by the presence of externalized anger. Implications for prevention and interventions are discussed.
Factors associated with externalized anger among early adolescents in rural Appalachia : A conceptual proposition with implications for violence prevention
(2026-02) Mills, Rosalina; Lilly, Christa L.; Pollini, Robin A.; Zullig, Keith J.; Jarrett, Traci; Tebes, Jacob K.; Kristjansson, Alfgeir L.; Department of Psychology
Adolescent violence is understudied as a public health challenge for rural adolescents. Anger expression, also referred to as externalized anger, is a risk factor for adolescent violent behavior. Survey data from 1649 early adolescents in the Young Mountaineer Health Study (YMHS) cohort were used to identify correlates of externalized anger drawing on an adapted socioecological model. Correlates examined included: Relative family income; family affluence; neighborhood characteristics (safety, ties, collective efficacy); family living arrangements; social support from adults at home and school; and harsh parenting. Gender was utilized as an effect modifier. We employed two Poisson regression models for main effects and gender interaction effects. Parameter estimates were exponentiated and interpreted as Rate Ratios (RR). Significant main effects included perceived neighborhood safety (RR = 0.98, 95 % CI = 0.97–0.99), support from adults at home (RR = 0.98, 95 % CI = 0.97–0.99) and school (RR = 0.99, 95 % CI = 0.98–0.99), and harsh parenting (RR = 1.06, 95 % CI = 1.05–1.07). Several gender differences emerged in the interaction model. Boys reported significantly lower anger compared to girls (RR = 0.90, 95 % CI = 0.86–0.94). In the gender-based interaction model harsh parenting was more strongly associated with externalized anger among boys (RR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.06). Implications are discussed for future research on the relationship between externalized anger and violence prevention among rural adolescents.
Processes of development related with the implementation of the Icelandic prevention model in a rural Canadian community
(2025-12) Halsall, Tanya; Mahmoud, Kianna; Drabenstott, Matt; Orpana, Heather; Iyer, Srividya N.; Kristjansson, Alfgeir; Matheson, Kimberly; Department of Psychology
The Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) is a sequential 10-step community-driven collaborative intervention that is designed to support the prevention of substance use in youth by establishing healthy developmental contexts. The IPM has been implemented across Iceland for over 20 years and is now being implemented in other countries. Recognizing the need to explore how to adapt the IPM to new contexts and document the implementation of the model, this paper describes a process evaluation of the first three steps of the IPM within a Canadian rural community to capture experiences during the early development. Specifically, this study addresses the following research questions: (1) What are the processes of development and contextual features that influence the implementation of the IPM within Lanark County, Ontario? and (2) What adaptations are needed to successfully implement the IPM in Canada? Semi-structured interviews were conducted to examine experiences and lessons learned through the implementation of the model. Thematic analyses were completed using QSR NVivo. A deductive and inductive approach was applied, whereby some interview guide questions were derived from the IPM implementation steps and others were more exploratory, examining context and processes of development. Nine interviews were conducted with key partners who were leading the implementation of the IPM. Themes highlighting cultural factors that influence implementation, processes of development related to community engagement, and themes relating to youth participation, fidelity issues, fundraising, health equity and challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic were identified. This paper contributes new scientific knowledge related to implementation processes within upstream prevention of substance use and practical information that is useful for communities interested in implementing the IPM.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts