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Making Software Development More Diverse and Inclusive : Key Themes, Challenges, and Future Directions
(2025-05-27) Hyrynsalmi, Sonja M.; Baltes, Sebastian; Brown, Chris; Prikladnicki, Rafael; Rodriguez-Perez, Gema; Serebrenik, Alexander; Simmonds, Jocelyn; Trinkenreich, Bianca; Wang, Yi; Liebel, Grischa; Department of Computer Science
Introduction: Digital products increasingly reshape industries, influencing human behavior and decision-making. However, the software development teams developing these systems often lack diversity, which may lead to designs that overlook the needs, equal treatment or safety of diverse user groups. These risks highlight the need for fostering diversity and inclusion in software development to create safer, more equitable technology. Method: This research is based on insights from an academic meeting in June 2023 involving 23 software engineering researchers and practitioners. We used the collaborative discussion method 1-2-4-ALL as a systematic research approach and identified six themes around the theme “challenges and opportunities to improve Software Developer Diversity and Inclusion (SDDI).” We identified benefits, harms, and future research directions for the four main themes. Then, we discuss the remaining two themes, AI & SDDI and AI & Computer Science education, which have a cross-cutting effect on the other themes. Results: This research explores the key challenges and research opportunities for promoting SDDI, providing a roadmap to guide both researchers and practitioners. We underline that research around SDDI requires a constant focus on maximizing benefits while minimizing harms, especially to vulnerable groups. As a research community, we must strike this balance in a responsible way.
Verk
Low-degree graph partitioning via local search with applications to constraint satisfaction, max cut, and coloring
(1997) Halldórsson, Magnús M.; Lau, Hoong Chuin; Department of Computer Science
We present practical algorithms for constructing partitions of graphs into a fixed number of vertex-disjoint subgraphs that satisfy particular degree constraints. We use this in particular to find k-cuts of graphs of maximum degree △ that cut at least a k-1/k (1 + 1/2△+k-1) fraction of the edges, improving previous bounds known. The partitions also apply to constraint networks, for which we give a tight analysis of natural local search heuristics for the maximum constraint satisfaction problem. These partitions also imply efficient approximations for several problems on weighted bounded-degree graphs. In particular, we improve the best performance ratio for the weighted independent set problem to 3/△+2, and obtain an efficient algorithm for coloring 3-colorable graphs with at most 3△+2/4 colors.
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Improving corrosion resistance of Cu−Al-based anodes in KF−AlF3−Al2O3 melts
(2022-01) PADAMATA, Sai Krishna; YASINSKIY, Andrey; SHABANOV, Aleksandr; BERMESHEV, Timofey; YANG, You jian; WANG, Zhao wen; CAO, Dao; POLYAKOV, Peter; Department of Engineering
The anodic behaviour of pre-oxidised and non-oxidised Cu−Al-based anodes (Cu−10Al and Cu−9.8Al−2Mn) in KF−AlF3−Al2O3 melts was studied through galvanostatic and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The alloy compositions were oxidised for a short-term (8 h) at 700 °C, followed by galvanostatic polarization for 1 h at 800 °C with an applied current density of 0.4 A/cm2. The potentiodynamic curves were recorded with a sweep rate of 0.01 V/s. XRD analysis was conducted on frozen melt samples collected on the surface of the anode, and SEM observation was performed on the anode after the experiment to study the phases of the scales formed on the alloys. All the anode materials had a steady potential between 2.30 and 2.50 V(vs Al/AlF3). The corrosion rates of the anodes were calculated from the data acquired through potentiodynamic polarization. It was seen that pre-oxidised anodes possess a low corrosion rate compared to those without pre-oxidation treatment.
Verk
Navigating growth and sustainability : Analysing the economic impact of tourism in Iceland
(2025-06) Hjálmarsdóttir, Hafdís Björg; Óskarsson, Guðmundur Kristján; Faculty of Business Administration
This study analyses the economic impact of tourism in Iceland, focusing on its contributions to GDP, employment, and foreign currency earnings. This study employs descriptive and comparative secondary data analysis based on available statistics and an extensive literature review to assess the sector’s development, resilience, and sustainability within global and national contexts. The findings confirm that tourism is a key pillar of Iceland’s economy, surpassing traditional export industries in value and generating significant employment opportunities. However, the sector’s volatility exposed during the COVID-19 pandemic and its dependence on international markets reveal structural vulnerabilities that threaten a sustainable future. Beyond economic considerations, this study critically engages with the growing pressures of over-tourism, seasonality, and environmental degradation, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas. Recent scholarship and policy shifts emphasise the need for sustainability indicators, equitable taxation mechanisms, and participatory governance to guide Iceland’s tourism development. This research highlights that balancing economic growth with environmental limits and community well-being is essential for building a more resilient and future-proof tourism model. These insights help inform policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers in aligning tourism strategies with sustainability and diversification goals.
Verk
Small power alliances in Europe : The Nordic, Baltic and Visegrád Groups
(2025-10) Hilmarsson, Hilmar Þór; Faculty of Business Administration
The small power alliances discussed in the article are the Baltic, the Nordic and the Visegrád groups. Why were the alliances established and what is their purpose, importance and effectiveness? This article seeks to explain the reasons for the formation of those alliances, how they work and what are their benefits and limitations. These alliances can be used to form a common agenda to strengthen the position of the countries within larger alliances such as the EU, which can be described as a political and economic alliance, and NATO which is a military alliance, as well as within institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank. But for the small power alliances to be effective they need to have a common vision and interests, and to broadly agree on the issues. All these small power alliances have been affected by the ongoing war in Ukraine that not only challenges them but also the EU and NATO, as well as US and European cooperation on security issues.

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