Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
On message specifications in OCL
(2004-11-01) Kyas, Marcel; De Boer, Frank S.; Department of Computer Science
The object constraint language (OCL) is the established language for specifying of properties of objects and object structures. Recently an extension of OCL has been proposed for the specification of messages sent between objects. In this paper we present a generalization of this extension which allows additionally to specify causality constraints. From a pragmatic point of view, such causality constraints are needed to express, for example, that each acknowledgment must be preceded by a matching request, which is frequently required by communication protocols. Our generalization is based on the introduction of histories into OCL. Histories describe the external behavior of objects and groups of objects. Moreover, to reason compositionally about the behavior of a complex system we distinguish between local specifications of a single object and global specifications describing the interaction between objects. These two types of specifications are expressed in syntactically different dialects of OCL. Our notion of compositionality, which is formalized in this paper by a compatibility predicate on histories, allows the verification of models during the early stages of a design.
Iceland’s cruise infrastructure fee : Policy rationales, stakeholder tensions, and governance ambition
(2026-09) Hjálmarsdóttir, Hafdís Björg; Óskarsson, Guðmundur Kristján; Faculty of Business Administration
The rapid expansion of Arctic cruise tourism has intensified debates regarding sustainability, carrying capacity, and infrastructure pressure in vulnerable destinations. In response, the Icelandic government introduced an infrastructure fee on cruise ship passengers. This study examines how policymakers designed and justified the fee as a governance instrument, and what evidence would be required to establish that it functions as one. Using Iceland as a case study, the research combines qualitative document analysis of legislative and stakeholder materials with descriptive statistical data on cruise passenger flows. Policymakers framed the fee around infrastructure financing, the user-pays principle, fair contribution, and sustainable destination stewardship. However, the legislative process revealed stakeholder tensions concerning international competitiveness, regulatory predictability, and regional economic implications. Contextual data indicate a post-pandemic increase in passenger volumes relative to ship calls, highlighting the relevance of passenger-based indicators for understanding visitor intensity alongside vessel arrivals. The Icelandic case sits within a broader international trend, also visible in destinations such as Venice, Alaska, and Norway, in which authorities design and justify tourism taxation as a governance tool rather than solely as a revenue mechanism. The statutory framework does not earmark fee revenue for destination management, and an amendment adopted in 2025 reduced the rate with effect from 2026. The evidence examined establishes the fee’s governance objectives but does not demonstrate its destination-level effects.
Simplex-anchored regressors for fast global optimization-oriented miniaturization of microwave circuits
(2026-12) Koziel, Slawomir; Pietrenko-Dabrowska, Anna; Department of Engineering
The small physical size of high-frequency components is an essential prerequisite in an increasing number of applications. While size reduction of microwave circuits can be achieved with a suitable choice of architecture, ensuring the best available compromise between electrical parameters and size necessitates meticulous adjustment of all system dimensions. Due to the complexity of electrically small structures, parameter adjustment should be executed globally. Nevertheless, it is an expensive endeavor because it entails a large number of system evaluations executed through electromagnetic (EM) simulation. This article introduces an innovative approach to expedited miniaturization of microwave passives, in which the primary goal is miniaturization, while the conditions imposed on performance metrics are treated as constraints. Our framework operates in three stages, including parameter space pre-screening, machine-learning (ML)-driven globalized search, and gradient-based fine-tuning. The first stage involves random sampling aimed at identifying the most promising parameter space region. The ML process launched therein employs simplex-based regression models, the use of which contributes to a competitive computational efficiency. On the other hand, the final tuning improves design quality at a low cost, as it is realized as a local optimization process. The performance of the suggested algorithm is illustrated using two planar devices and demonstrated to be superior to several benchmark methods. The major advantages of our technique include low running costs, equivalent to only a few dozen full-wave analyses, and straightforward implementation.
THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON SPORTS SERVICES AND GOODS ON PRIVATE CONSUMPTION AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
(2026-08-01) Saavedra, Yzan; Durst, Susanne; Department of Business and Economics
The objectives of this study were (i) to examine the influence of public expenditure on sports services and goods on private consumption and (ii) to assess whether the prevalence of sedentary behaviour could be predicted by public expenditure in sports, taking into account educational level, and sex differences in European countries. Data from 27 European countries were used; one additional country was included for objective (i) (n=29) and three for objective (ii) (n=30). A Pearson bivariate correlation and a distributed lag model were used to examine the relationship between public expenditure and private consumption, with GDP per capita included as a control variable. Additionally, multiple linear regression models were applied to predict sedentary behaviour based on GDP, educational level, and sex. Results showed a strong positive correlation between public expenditure and private consumption (r=0.846–0.922, p<0.001). The lagged model, including public expenditure over five years and GDP per capita, explained more than 75% of the variance in private sports consumption. GDP per capita predicted sedentary behaviour in over 44.3% of cases across medium, high, and total education groups. Public expenditure was also a significant predictor in selected subgroups, particularly in the total education group and among women.
Editorial : Advancing cartilage regeneration and repair: biomaterials and biomechanical strategies
(2026) Todros, Silvia; Berardo, Alice; Cavinato, Cristina; Gargiulo, Paolo; Department of Engineering
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts