Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Flexible, Fully Printable, and Inexpensive Paper-Based Chipless Arabic Alphabet-Based RFID Tags
(2022-01-01) Yousaf, Jawad; Almajali, Eqab; El Najjar, Mahmoud; Amir, Ahmed; Altaf, Amir; Elahi, Manzoor; Alja’afreh, Saqer Saleh; Rmili, Hatem; Department of Engineering
This work presents the design and analysis of newly developed reconfigurable, flexible, inexpensive, optically-controlled, and fully printable chipless Arabic alphabet-based radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. The etching of the metallic copper tag strip is performed on a flexible simple thin paper substrate (ɛr = 2.31) backed by a metallic ground plane. The analysis of investigated tags is performed in CST MWS in the frequency range of 1–12 GHz for the determination of the unique signature resonance characteristics of each tag in terms of its back-scattered horizontal and vertical mono-static radar cross section (RCS). The analysis reflects that each tag has its own unique electromagnetic signature (EMS) due to the changing current distribution of metallic resonator. This EMS of each tag could be used for the robust detection and recognition of all realized 28 Arabic alphabet tags. The study also discusses, for the first time, the effect of the change in font type and size of realized tags on their EMS. The robustness and reliability of the obtained EMS of letter tags is confirmed by comparing the RCS results for selective letter tags using FDTD and MoM numerical methods, which shows very good agreement. The proposed tags could be used for smart internet of things (IoT) and product marketing applications.
Waste Management under Structural Constraints: Efficiency, Policy Reform, and Recycling Performance in Iceland
(University of Iceland, School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Business Administration, 2026-11-09) Óskarsson, Guðmundur Kristján; Dr. Sveinn Agnarsson; Faculty of Business Administration (UI); Viðskiptafræðideild (HÍ); School of Social Sciences (UI); Félagsvísindasvið (HÍ)
This doctoral thesis evaluates the efficiency, policy translation, and recycling performance of municipal waste management systems in Iceland, a small and geographically dispersed Arctic economy. Based on an integrated multi-method research design, the thesis examines the transition from a fragmented and structurally constrained system toward a harmonised framework underpinned by an expanded Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) mandate and the 2023 “Circular Law.”
Rather than viewing policy implementation as a linear process, the thesis proposes that circular economy outcomes emerge through a hierarchical filtering mechanism. Combined efficiency analysis (Data Envelopment Analysis) and econometric modelling demonstrate that geographic dispersion, demographic volatility, and seasonal tourism act as binding structural constraints. What standard performance metrics often interpret as managerial inefficiency instead reflects the operational friction of Arctic logistics and systematic denominator bias.
While the 2023 reform expanded and harmonised producer-financed responsibility, municipalities retained responsibility for organising collection services. Analyses of early recovery determinants using Grey Relational and econometric approaches, together with panel Interrupted Time Series analysis of residual-waste composition, show that institutional harmonisation does not produce uniform outcomes. The rollout of the mandatory four-bin source-separation system served as a critical household-facing operational interface and was associated with a structural break in the amount of biodegradable kitchen waste remaining in the general bin. However, the magnitude of these outcomes remained conditioned by local infrastructure configuration and spatial constraints.
To synthesise these findings, the thesis develops an integrated four-level socio-technical framework. The framework shows how structural geography (Level I) filters how institutional design (Level II) is translated into operational infrastructure (Level III) and, ultimately, realised system outcomes (Level IV). The thesis concludes that in geographically heterogeneous environments, harmonised regulatory frameworks are necessary but insufficient; achieving a circular economy requires infrastructure systems that are explicitly adapted to local spatial conditions. The findings have practical relevance for the design of performance metrics, financing arrangements, and collection systems in geographically heterogeneous jurisdictions. Although developed from the Icelandic case, the analytical framework has potential transferability to other small, island, Arctic, and remote regions where common circular economy objectives must be implemented under markedly different spatial and service conditions.
The effects of travel on performance : a 13-year analysis of the National Rugby League (NRL) competition
(2022) Read, Dale B.; Williams, Sean; Fullagar, Hugh H.K.; Weakley, Jonathon J.S.; Department of Sport Science
The purpose was to investigate the effects of travel on performance in the National Rugby League (NRL). A total of 4,704 observations from 2,352 NRL matches (2007–2019) were analysed. The effect of travel on match outcome (i.e., win/loss) was analysed using a generalized linear mixed model, and the points difference using a linear mixed model. For every 1,000 km travelled in the NRL, the estimated probability of winning a match was reduced by −2.7% [−5.7 to 0.3%] and the estimated points difference by −1.1 [−2.0 to −0.2] points. In relation to every 1,000 km travelled, the 2007–2009 seasons had the greatest reduction in the likelihood of winning a match (−2.7% [−4.7 to −0.6%]), with the 2018–2019 seasons having the greatest likelihood (1.1% [−1.2 to 3.3%]). Regarding inter-state travel, teams from the state of Queensland had the greatest reduction in the likelihood of winning a match while the team from the state of Victoria had the greatest likelihood, although there were no clear differences between states. These data suggest that travel has impacted performance in NRL matches although this effect has reduced over time. These findings are useful for practitioners that prepare athletes in sports where frequent short-haul travel is required.
Mutual Coupling Reduction in Closely Spaced MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna in H-Plane Using Closed Metallic Loop
(2022) Elahi, Manzoor; Altaf, Amir; Almajali, Eqab; Yousaf, Jawad; Department of Engineering
In this study, the mutual coupling in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is reduced by employing closed metallic loops. The loops are wrapped around the adjacent edges of the dielectric resonators (DR) where magnetic coupling is significant. The proposed method employs only the conductive metallic strips for mutual coupling reduction and this makes the entire design very simple and compact. The impedance bandwidth varies from 4.73 to 5.1 GHz, covering the Sub-6 GHz 5G band. The realized MIMO DRA has an isolation of 28 dB at the resonant frequency with a measured peak gain at each port of 3.5 dBi and a peak radiation efficiency of 93%. The obtained measured results yield a low correlation coefficient (< 0.05) mostly at the entire band that contribute to diversity gain (> 9.8 dB) to increase the capacity of communication system, is reported in this paper. The proposed antenna was fabricated and the closed loop strip is wrapped around using in house facility. Furthermore, some issues related to the fabrications tolerance have been investigated to justify the difference between some simulated and measured results.
A D-Band Waveguide-SIW Transition for 6G Applications
(2022) Altaf, Amir; Elahi, Manzoor; Abbas, Syed Muzahir; Yousaf, Jawad; Almajali, Eqab; Department of Engineering
In this work, a design of a transition from a standard D-band waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is presented for 6G applications. The waveguide is connected to an SIW by carving a slot at the bottom metal of the printed circuit board (PCB). A pair of vias is added to shift the inband null to a higher frequency, whereas a parasitic patch is used to improve impedance matching. A prototype of a back-to-back SIW transition is fabricated and measured using D-band VNA extenders. The measurement shows a -10 dB impedance bandwidth of 26.5 GHz (135–161.5 GHz) and a 3-dB bandwidth of 28 GHz (133.8–161.8 GHz). The transition can be integrated with a D-band antenna for 6G applications.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts