Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
A scoping review of routinely collected linked data in research on gambling harm
(2025-12) Boering, Pippa; Jones, Matthew; Patel, Kishan; Leightley, Daniel; Dymond, Simon; Department of Psychology
Gambling harm is a global public health challenge. Gambling is often recorded in settings using routinely collected data (RCD). Linking of existing RCD affords numerous opportunities for policy-led research on gambling harm and early intervention. To date, no previous review has examined research describing data linkage of RCD and gambling. Here, we searched for peer-reviewed articles using data linkage methodology with RCD and measures of gambling, gambling harm, or health-related outcomes. After screening 2373 articles, we conducted a narrative synthesis of the 17 included articles. Studies described data from 2,136,966 individuals, most originated from Nordic countries, adopted a range of experimental designs, tended to link individual-level data with risk factors for physical and mental health harms, and defined gambling in diverse ways. Study quality was mixed. There exist numerous opportunities for further data linkage studies with RCD to both inform public policy and understand population-wide changes in gambling.
A method for measuring consumer confusion due to lookalike labels
(2025-06) Schoemann, Martin; van de Mosselaar, Piet; Perkovic, Sonja; Orquin, Jacob L.; Department of Business and Economics
We propose that some products carry labels that mimic the features of certified health and sustainability labels and that such lookalike labels can confuse consumers into believing that a product has specific, desirable attributes. To address this, we develop a mouse-tracking method for measuring consumer confusion about product attributes. In Study 1, we show that lookalike labels often mislead consumers into believing a product includes a certified label, and that mouse cursor movements provide insights into confusion levels. By applying signal-detection theory to mouse cursor movements, we develop a novel metric that quantifies product attribute confusion and accurately flags products as either “attribute confusion suspect” or “attribute confusion safe”. In Study 2, we replicate our findings and show that attribute confusion is associated with a higher willingness-to-pay. In Study 3, we test the robustness of the metric under different exposure times. The novel attribute confusion metric provides marketers, policymakers, and consumer advocacy groups with a tool to design less confusing labels and can serve as evidence in cases where a product is suspected of misleading consumers or copycatting certified or trademarked labels.
A Fully Replicable Exercise Program for Individuals with Sleep-Disordered Breathing : Protocol Design and Training Load Monitoring
(2025-09) Saavedra, Jose M.; Fridgeirsdottir, Katrin Y.; Murphy, Conor J.; Hrubos-Strøm, Harald; Arnardottir, Erna S.; Department of Sport Science; Department of Engineering
Objectives. The objectives of this study were (i) to design in detail an exercise program for individuals with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) that would be reproducible, and (ii) to present a system for monitoring training load (volume × intensity) within such a program. Methods. A comprehensive exercise program was developed for individuals with SDB, detailing not only the session structure (warm-up, main part—circuit training and brisk walking—and cool-down) but also the specific exercises, training volume (actual exercise time excluding rest), intensity (Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion—RPE), and training load (calculated as time × RPE, in arbitrary units). This detailed program was previously implemented in a RCT (ISRCTN16974764). A comparison was also made between the planned and performed intensity, and training load through a paired t-test. Results. A fully replicable program was presented. No significant difference was found between the planned and performed training load (p = 0.482). When analyzed by week, a significant difference was found only for overestimation in weeks 9–12 (p < 0.001). Conclusions. In general terms, it can be concluded that a detailed exercise program was described for individuals with SDB. The program is reproducible in terms of content, training volume, intensity, and load. Moreover, the RPE proved to be a valid parameter for quantifying intensity, allowing for the integration of all parts of the session, as well as various types of content. The planned and performed programs (as quantified via participants’ RPE) matched appropriately. Therefore, this program can be reproduced and applied to this type of population.
Advancing Sustainability in Solar-Grade Silicon Production : Enhanced Boron and Phosphorus Removal via Silicon Refining from Al–Si Melt
(2025-04) Mallah, Abdul Rahman; Saevarsdottir, Gudrun; Heuer, Matthias; Svavarsson, Halldor G.; Department of Engineering
Solar radiation is a renewable and practically infinite source of energy that creates no greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2. Photovoltaic devices that turn solar energy directly into electricity are commonly made of high-purity solar-grade silicon, (SoG-Si). The SoG-Si is conventionally produced by a carbothermic reduction of quartz (SiO2), resulting in roughly 98 wt.% metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si), which is then further purified into SoG-Si using the Siemens process. The carbothermic step releases a large quantity of CO2, and conventi Advancing Sustainability in Solar-Grade Silicon Production: Enhanced Boron and Phosphorus Removal via Silicon Refining from Al–Si MeltMallah, A. R., Saevarsdottir, G., Heuer, M. & Svavarsson, H. G., 27 Jan 2025, In: JOM. 77, 4, p. 2512-2526 15 p. Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-re onal purification methods require technically complicated equipment, consume intensive energy, and involve the use and production of highly toxic silane gases. This work has investigated a metallurgical purification method of MG-Si by solidification from aluminum-Si melt. Four purification rounds have been applied to ensure that boron and phosphorus are reduced to 314 ppba and 96 ppba respectively. A > 99.99 wt.% Si has been obtained, which can be further purified by the directional solidification method, and the purity of Si can be improved to 6N by effectively removing the other elements. The raw material of this process, the MG-Si, was produced by an aluminothermic process without direct CO2 emissions. Such a process, purification of MG-Si obtained from the aluminothermic reduction of a ferrosilicon slag, by a metallurgical route plus an additional step of directional solidification eliminates the use of highly hazardous silane gases associated with the conventional processes and requires much simpler equipment and lower operational energy, cost, and CO2 emissions.
Acceptability and Pilot Validation of the Diagnostic Autism Spectrum Interview (DASI-2) Compared with Clinical and ADOS-2 Outcomes
(2025-08) Young, Susan Jane; Kollárovics, Nóra; Farkas, Bernadett Frida; Torzsa, Tímea; Cseh, Rebecca; Ferenczi-Dallos, Gyöngyvér; Balázs, Judit
Background/Objectives: There is a growing need for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessment tools that are diagnostically aligned, clinically usable, and accessible across diverse service contexts. The Diagnostic Autism Spectrum Interview—Version 2 (DASI-2) is a freely available, semi-structured clinical interview mapped directly to DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria. This pilot study aimed to adapt DASI-2 into Hungarian and explore the (1) acceptability of DASI-2 administration, (2) agreement with prior clinical ASD diagnoses, and (3) relationship between DASI-2 observational ratings and ADOS-2 classifications. Methods: Following a multistep translation procedure, DASI-2 was administered to seven children previously assessed for ASD in a multidisciplinary Hungarian clinical setting. The assessment included a parent interview, direct assessment with the child or young person, and completion of the DASI observational record (OR1–OR4). DASI diagnostic outcomes were compared with prior clinical decisions, and OR scores were analyzed in relation to ADOS-2 classifications. Results: All participants completed the DASI-2 interview in full. Agreement with prior clinical diagnosis was found in six of seven cases (κ = 0.70, indicating substantial agreement). When exploring the one non-aligned case, the divergence in diagnostic outcome was due to broader contextual information considered by the initial clinical team which influenced clinical opinion. The five participants diagnosed with ASD showed substantially higher DASI observational scores (mean = 15.26) than the two who were not diagnosed (mean = 1.57), mirroring ADOS-2 severity classifications. Conclusions: These findings support the acceptability and preliminary validity of DASI-2. Its inclusive structured observational record may provide a practical complement to resource-intensive tools such as the ADOS-2; however, further validation in larger and more diverse samples is needed.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts