Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
Early-Stabilizing Counting
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2026-07-01) Lenzen, Christoph; Loss, Julian; Department of Computer Science
Synchronous Counting is the task of reaching agreement on a common round counter in a synchronous system of n nodes with up to t Byzantine faults in a self-stabilizing manner. That is, after transient faults may have arbitrarily corrupted the system state and ceased, the at least n - t non-faulty nodes need to (re-)establish that (i) their local outputs are identical and (ii) increase by 1 modulo C in each round. An overhead-free reduction from consensus shows that all known lower bounds and impossibilities for consensus carry over to the counting problem. In the other direction, prior work has established that a consensus algorithm A can be turned into a counting algorithm at small overhead relative to the running time and bit complexity of A, without losing resilience.Taking inspiration from early-stopping consensus protocols, in this work we introduce the concept of early stabilization. That is, if there are 0 ≤ f ≤ t (persistent) faults in an execution, the algorithm should stabilize in a number of rounds that depends on f only. Likewise, we seek to achieve an amortized bit complexity that is adaptive in the number of actual faults f. By developing a number of modular building blocks suitable to these goals, we develop a C-counting algorithm that stabilizes within asymptotically optimal O(f + 1) rounds, has message size O(log2 n + log C), and has amortized bit complexity O(n(f log C + log2 n)).
Disclosing depressive symptoms : perceived sensitivity of PHQ-9 items in a general population sample
(2026-12) Kristófersdóttir, Kristín Hulda; Vésteinsdóttir, Vaka; Kristjánsdóttir, Hafrún; Karlsson, Thorlakur; Thorsdottir, Fanney; Department of Sport Science; Department of Psychology
Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most widely used tools for screening and assessing depression. However, previous research has yielded inconsistent results regarding its factor structure, with studies suggesting either a one- or two-factor model. One possible explanation is socially desirable responding (SDR), which may arise if some items are perceived as more sensitive than others. This study examines whether such differences in perceived sensitivity exist and how they correspond to patterns reported in prior factor-analytic research. Methods: A total of 273 participants completed 36 paired comparisons of the PHQ-9 items, indicating which symptoms they would find more uncomfortable to disclose. Additionally, absolute judgments were collected, where participants rated each item as either uncomfortable or not uncomfortable to disclose. Data were analyzed using a paired comparisons model rooted in Thurstone’s law of comparative judgment to estimate the relative sensitivity of each item and whether they were more or less likely to be judged as (not) uncomfortable to disclose. Kendall’s coefficients of consistence and agreement were calculated to evaluate the internal consistency of participants’ responses and the level of agreement between them. Results: Results showed that cognitive/affective symptoms, such as feelings of worthlessness and depressed mood were perceived as more sensitive than somatic symptoms like fatigue and sleep disturbances. Notably, the sensitivity estimates obtained in this study align closely with prior factor analytic findings that have supported a two-factor model distinguishing cognitive/affective and somatic symptoms. Conclusions: These findings suggest that social desirability may contribute to the underreporting of certain depression symptoms, potentially helping to explain inconsistencies in the PHQ-9’s factor structure. Researchers and clinicians should consider the impact of SDR when interpreting PHQ-9 scores to enable more accurate assessments of depression symptom severity.
Crossing the Academia-Practice Divide in Interaction Design
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2026-04-13) Nocera, José Abdelnour; Churchill, Elizabeth F.; Clemmensen, Torkil; Lárusdóttir, Marta Kristín; Macchia, Teresa; Rey, Marta; Russell-Rose, Tony; Smits, Aletta; Oliver, Nuria; Shamma, David A.; Candello, Heloisa; Cesar, Pablo; Lopes, Pedro; Artizzu, Valentino; Draxler, Fiona; Lopez, Gustavo; Reinschluessel, Anke V.; Tong, Xin; Toups Dugas, Phoebe O.; Department of Computer Science
The divide between academic research and professional practice in interaction design continues to challenge how methods, ethics, and innovation are understood and applied. This CHI 2026 meet-up creates a forum where academics, practitioners, and industry leaders can reflect together, share experiences, and explore collaborations. Structured activities will help participants map shared concerns (such as ethics in AI, sustainability, usability in context, and evolving educational practices) while also strengthening cross-sector connections and identifying opportunities for action. The aim is to cultivate a practice-aware, inclusive community that ensures HCI research remains connected, relevant, and impactful. The meet-up capitalizes on the conversations and relationships sparked at ARPPID 2025 (Academic Research and Professional Practice in Interaction Design), a working conference that brought these issues to the fore, extending them into the CHI community and charting directions for future collaboration.
Consent banners, dark patterns, and GDPR infringements in online gambling : Evidence from a systematic audit and online experiment
(2026-08) McGarrigle, Jack; Torrance, Jamie; Quigley, Martyn; Dymond, Simon; Department of Psychology
Online gambling operators collect vast amounts of consumer data to track behaviour and personalise inducements. Under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), access to these data requires user consent, obtained via pop-up consent banners. However, such banners tend to exhibit “dark patterns” or designs which nudge users towards accepting data sharing. To date, little is known about the extent of such dark patterns in online gambling. Here, we investigated the format of consent banners used on UK gambling websites and assessed how they may influence behaviour. Study 1 reports an audit of all UK-licensed gambling sites ( n = 624). We found that 86% of banners exhibited at least one dark pattern, while GDPR infringements were also identified: 24% of sites offered no option to reject tracking and over two-thirds (67%) processed personally identifiable data prior to obtaining consent. Only 1 in 7 or 14% of sites were GDPR compliant. In Study 2, an online randomised experiment was conducted, whereby participants ( n = 615) were assigned to different consent banners within a simulated gambling platform. The most common banner identified in Study 1 significantly increased acceptance of tracking and produced significantly lower alignment between user choices and preferences. No association between banner decisions and self-reported gambling harm severity was detected. Overall, our findings reveal widespread dark patterns and non-compliance of GDPR requirements on UK online gambling sites, influencing users towards unintended data sharing. These findings highlight the need for stronger regulatory enforcement and stricter consent banner design standards to protect consumers.
Typing Fallback Functions : A Semantic Approach to Type Safe Smart Contracts
(Schloss Dagstuhl- Leibniz-Zentrum fur Informatik GmbH, Dagstuhl Publishing, 2026-06-25) Lybech, Stian; Gorla, Daniele; Aceto, Luca; Krebbers, Robbert; Silva, Alexandra; Department of Computer Science
This paper develops semantic typing in a smart-contract setting to ensure type safety of code that uses statically untypable language constructs, such as the fallback function. The idea is that the creator of a contract on the blockchain equips code containing such constructs with a formal proof of its type safety, given in terms of the semantics of types. Then, a user of the contract only needs to check the validity of the provided “proof certificate” of type safety. This is a form of proof-carrying code, which naturally fits with the immutable nature of the blockchain environment. As a concrete application of our approach, we focus on ensuring information flow control and non-interference for TinySol, a distilled version of the Solidity language, through security types. We provide the semantics of types in terms of a typed operational semantics of TinySol and we express the proofs of safety as coinductively-defined typing interpretations, which can be represented compactly via up-to techniques, similar to those used for bisimilarity. We also show how our machinery can be used to type the typical pointer-to-implementation pattern based on the fallback function and to reject a distilled version of the infamous Parity Multisig Wallet Attack.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts