Opin vísindi
Opin vísindi er varðveislusafn vísindaefnis og doktorsritgerða í opnum aðgangi á vegum íslenskra háskóla og Landsbókasafns Íslands - Háskólabókasafns.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Opinn aðgangur að rannsóknaniðurstöðum er í samræmi við 10. gr. laga nr. 3/2003 um opinberan stuðning við vísindarannsóknir sem og kröfur innlendra og erlendra rannsóknasjóða. Markmiðið með opnum aðgangi er að niðurstöður rannsókna séu aðgengilegar sem flestum óhindrað og án endurgjalds á rafrænu formi. Vistun í varðveislusafninu er varanleg og ætlað að tryggja aðgang að vísindaefni íslenskra háskóla í opnum aðgangi um ókomna tíð. Varðveislusafnið Opin vísindi er tengt við rannsóknagáttina IRIS og rannsóknaniðurstöður í opnum aðgangi sem eru skráðar í IRIS eru um leið vistaðar og gerðar aðgengilegar til framtíðar í varðveislusafninu. Með því að safna þessu efni saman í eitt safn verður aðgangur að því einfaldur og þægilegur fyrir alla sem vilja kynna sér það og geta þannig notið þess öfluga vísindastarfs sem fram fer í háskólum landsins.
Varðveislusafnið er OpenAIRE / OpenAIREplus samhæft og samrýmist kröfum sem gerðar eru um birtingu rannsóknaniðurstaðna úr verkefnum sem styrkt eru úr evrópsku rannsóknaáætlununum FP7 og H2020.
Varðveislusafnið notar opna hugbúnaðinn DSpace.
Nýlega bætt við
The Complex and Long-Duration 2002 April 18 Mw 6.7 Near-Trench Earthquake in the Guerrero Seismic Gap, Mexico
(2025-08-01) Flores-Ibarra, Ketzallina; Hjörleifsdóttir, Vala; Singh, Shri Krishna; Iglesias, Arturo; Pérez-Campos, Xyoli; Ito, Yoshihiro; Department of Engineering
The seismic behaviour of the near-trench plate interface of the Guerrero seismic gap and other segments of the Mexican subduction zone is likely to play a critical role in the seismic and tsunami hazard of the region. In this context, a detailed study of the near-trench 2002 April 18 Mw 6.7 earthquake that occurred about 55 km off the coast of Guerrero and generated a small tsunami attains particular importance. From an analysis of the teleseismic P waves and S waves, local recordings and aftershock distribution, we find that the rupture most likely began at a subducted seamount, propagated unilaterally towards NW, parallel to the trench for ∼54-58 km and a duration of ∼68-70 s. The moment rate function is highly rugged, with two dominant pulses separated by about 50 s. Although relatively small in magnitude, the earthquake has all the characteristics of a tsunami earthquake: the slip occurs very close to the trench, the rupture speed is slow (∼1 km s-1), the high-frequency radiation is deficient, and, in common with tsunami earthquakes, the moment-scaled radiated energy is low (ER/M0 = 1.45 × 10-6). We confirm that the duration of the event (∼70 s) is extraordinarily long compared to that expected from scaling relations (∼12.8 s), consistent with it being the most anomalous of all the events studied in the last 40 yr. Our results support a conditionally stable upper 15 km of the plate interface in the region reported from recent offshore seismic observations.
Information Illusion : Different Amounts of Information and Stock Price Estimates
(2025-08) Oehler, Andreas; Horn, Matthias; Wendt, Stefan; Department of Business and Economics
We initiate a questionnaire-based stock price forecast competition to analyze participants' perception of different amounts of information and the impact on stock price estimates. The results show that providing more information increases the perceived amount of relevant information but does not alter participants' stock price estimates and their accuracy. Individual participants' characteristics, such as gender, financial knowledge, or overconfidence, do not affect these findings. This means that the added information acts as placebic information and leads to information illusion. However, the added information has an impact on individual expectations about the stock price forecast competition itself and leads less overconfident investors to decrease their expectations regarding payoff and chances to win a prize. Our findings provide implications for practitioners and researchers alike. Both regulators and policy makers should consider that placebic information can significantly impact investors' perception, and, therefore, regulation on information that is provided to retail investors should focus on relevant and avoid irrelevant information. Researchers should be aware that placebic information asymmetrically influences expectations of participants in experiments who show different levels of overconfidence.
Toward New Assessment in Sarcoma Identification and Grading Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
(2025-07) Gunnarsson, Arnar Evgení; Correra, Simona; Sánchez, Carol Teixidó; Recenti, Marco; Jónsson, Halldór; Gargiulo, Paolo; Department of Engineering
Background/Objectives: Sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors, which makes early detection and grading particularly challenging. Diagnosis traditionally relies on expert visual interpretation of histopathological biopsies and radiological imaging, processes that can be time-consuming, subjective and susceptible to inter-observer variability. Methods: In this study, we aim to explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically radiomics and machine learning (ML), to support sarcoma diagnosis and grading based on MRI scans. We extracted quantitative features from both raw and wavelet-transformed images, including first-order statistics and texture descriptors such as the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray-level size-zone matrix (GLSZM), gray-level run-length matrix (GLRLM), and neighboring gray tone difference matrix (NGTDM). These features were used to train ML models for two tasks: binary classification of healthy vs. pathological tissue and prognostic grading of sarcomas based on the French FNCLCC system. Results: The binary classification achieved an accuracy of 76.02% using a combination of features from both raw and transformed images. FNCLCC grade classification reached an accuracy of 57.6% under the same conditions. Specifically, wavelet transforms of raw images boosted classification accuracy, hinting at the large potential that image transforms can add to these tasks. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the value of combining multiple radiomic features and demonstrate that wavelet transforms significantly enhance classification performance. By outlining the potential of AI-based approaches in sarcoma diagnostics, this work seeks to promote the development of decision support systems that could assist clinicians.
Identification of spectral distributions in light-dosimetry data : Methodology and application to an intervention field study
(2025-08) Hartmeyer, SL L.; Baldursdottir, B.; Valdimarsdottir, HB B.; Agustsson, G.; Gudjonsson, I.; Andersen, M.; Department of Psychology
Modern life in predominantly indoor environments has led to a profound alteration in the amount, spectral distribution and pattern of light humans are exposed to daily. Given the role of light in health and well-being, and to understand how modern living can be better aligned with human biology, light-dosimetry plays an important role in characterising personal light exposure across individuals. To consider the spectral distribution in light-dosimetry and evaluate the variability and effects of individual ‘spectral diets’, a sufficient spectral resolution is required. In this paper, we present selected analyses of spectrally resolved light-dosimetry data that were collected during a dynamic lighting intervention study in Iceland. Unsupervised clustering was performed to process the collected data, and clusters were classified using various reference spectra. The results not only show that different spectral types can be sufficiently well discriminated, but they can also be used to verify the experimental conditions effectively experienced by participants and to start evaluating the effect of other factors (e.g. daylength, or impact of time outside experimental conditions). Taken together, our findings highlight the benefits and potential uses of spectrally resolved light-dosimetry, which will hopefully contribute to, first, better understand and, ultimately, improve our contemporary relationship with light.
Grounding and Developing the Design Perspective on Entrepreneurship : From Individual–Opportunity Nexus to Artifact-Centered Triad
(2025-07) Berglund, Henrik; Dimov, Dimo; Department of Business and Economics
To enhance managerial relevance, entrepreneurship theory should be anchored in frameworks that are both practically useful and conceptually coherent. This essay develops a triadic design perspective on entrepreneurship that incorporates artifacts alongside individuals and environmental circumstances. Building on concepts of epistemic objects (Knorr Cetina), reflective design practice (Schön), and world disclosing (Spinosa et al.), opportunities are conceptualized as actively framed situations, within which ventures are designed, through the use of more or less concrete entrepreneurial artifacts. This resulting account of entrepreneurship as an artifact-centered and potentially transformative process of design will hopefully offer a robust foundation for advancing entrepreneurship research and practice.
Flokkar í Opnum vísindum
Veldu flokk til að skoða.
- University of Iceland
- University of Akureyri
- Bifröst University
- Hólar University College
- IRIS
- Agricultural University of Iceland
- National and University Library of Iceland
- Iceland University of the Arts