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Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019

Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019


Title: Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019
Author: Nordic Research Network for Paediatric Infectious Diseases Study Group (NORDPID)
Date: 2024-01-18
Language: English
Scope: 290352
Department: Faculty of Medicine
Other departments
Series: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin; 29(3)
ISSN: 1560-7917
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.3.2300193
Subject: Barnalæknisfræði; group B streptococcus; intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis; Neonatal sepsis; risk-based prophylaxis; streptococcal screening; Epidemiology; Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health; Virology
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4706

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Citation:

Nordic Research Network for Paediatric Infectious Diseases Study Group (NORDPID) 2024 , ' Early-onset group B streptococcal infections in five Nordic countries with different prevention policies, 1995 to 2019 ' , Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin , vol. 29 , no. 3 , 2300193 . https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.3.2300193

Abstract:

BackgroundNeonatal early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of infant morbidity. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is effective in preventing early-onset GBS disease, but there is no agreement on the optimal strategy for identifying the pregnant women requiring this treatment, and both risk-based prophylaxis (RBP) and GBS screening-based prophylaxis (SBP) are used.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SBP as a public health intervention on the epidemiology of early-onset GBS infections.MethodsIn 2012, Finland started the universal SBP, while Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden continued with RBP. We conducted an interrupted time series analysis taking 2012 as the intervention point to evaluate the impact of this intervention. The incidences of early- and late-onset GBS infections during Period I (1995-2011) and Period II (2012-2019) were collected from each national register, covering 6,605,564 live births.ResultsIn Finland, a reduction of 58% in the incidence of early-onset GBS disease, corresponding to an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.34-0.52), was observed after 2012. At the same time, the pooled IRR of other Nordic countries was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-1.0), specifically 0.89 (95% CI: 0.70-1.5) in Denmark, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.15-0.81) in Iceland, 0.72 (95% CI: 0.59-0.88) in Norway and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.85-1.1) in Sweden.ConclusionsIn this ecological study of five Nordic countries, early-onset GBS infections were approximately halved following introduction of the SBP approach as compared with RBP.

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Publisher Copyright: © 2024 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). All rights reserved.

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