Titill: | How Do We Assess Energy Availability and RED-S Risk Factors in Para Athletes? |
Aðrir titlar: | How Do We Assess Energy Availability and RED-S Risk Factors in Para Athletes? |
Höfundur: |
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Útgáfa: | 2022-03-03 |
Tungumál: | Enska |
Umfang: | 866358 |
Deild: | Faculty of Education and Diversity |
Birtist í: | Nutrients; () |
ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
DOI: | 10.3390/nu14051068 |
Efnisorð: | Low energy availability; Resting metabolic rate; Hormones; Bone health; Assessment |
URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4184 |
Tilvitnun:Jonvik , K L , Varðardóttir , B & Broad , E 2022 , ' How Do We Assess Energy Availability and RED-S Risk Factors in Para Athletes? ' , Nutrients . https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14051068
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Útdráttur:Low energy availability (LEA) is considered to be the underlying cause of a number of maladaptations in athletes, including impaired physiological function, low bone mineral density (BMD), and hormonal dysfunction. This is collectively referred to as ‘Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport’ (RED-S). LEA is calculated through assessment of dietary energy intake (EI), exercise energy expenditure (EEE) and fat-free mass (FFM). The incidence of LEA in Paralympic athletes is relatively unknown; however, there are legitimate concerns that Para athletes may be at even higher risk of LEA than able-bodied athletes. Unfortunately, there are numerous issues with the application of LEA assessment tools and the criterion for diagnosis within the context of a Para population. The calculation of EEE, in particular, is limited by a distinct lack of published data that cover a range of impairments and activities. In addition, for several RED-S-related factors, it is difficult to distinguish whether they are truly related to LEA or a consequence of the athlete’s impairment and medical history. This narrative review outlines deficits and complexities when assessing RED-S and LEA in Para athletes, presents the information that we do have, and provides suggestions for future progress in this important area of sports nutrition.
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