dc.contributor.author |
Shin, Michelle B. |
dc.contributor.author |
Garcia, Patricia J. |
dc.contributor.author |
Dotson, Mary Elizabeth |
dc.contributor.author |
Valderrama, María |
dc.contributor.author |
Chiappe, Marina |
dc.contributor.author |
Ramanujam, Nimmi |
dc.contributor.author |
Krieger, Marlee |
dc.contributor.author |
Ásbjörnsdóttir, Kristjana |
dc.contributor.author |
Barnabas, Ruanne V. |
dc.contributor.author |
Iribarren, Sarah J. |
dc.contributor.author |
Gimbel, Sarah |
dc.date.accessioned |
2022-12-23T01:04:02Z |
dc.date.available |
2022-12-23T01:04:02Z |
dc.date.issued |
2022-06-13 |
dc.identifier.citation |
Shin , M B , Garcia , P J , Dotson , M E , Valderrama , M , Chiappe , M , Ramanujam , N , Krieger , M , Ásbjörnsdóttir , K , Barnabas , R V , Iribarren , S J & Gimbel , S 2022 , ' Evaluation of Women's Empowerment in a Community-Based Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Social Entrepreneurship Program (Hope Project) in Peru : A Mixed-Method Study ' , Frontiers in Public Health , vol. 10 , 858552 , pp. 858552 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.858552 |
dc.identifier.issn |
2296-2565 |
dc.identifier.other |
69181101 |
dc.identifier.other |
47c8768b-7922-43b3-86cb-cd90843d26cb |
dc.identifier.other |
85133147710 |
dc.identifier.other |
35769772 |
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/3788 |
dc.description |
Funding Information: This work was supported by the University of Washington: School of Nursing, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID-DIV 7200AA19FA00001), Duke Universities Bass Connections project titled Analysis of Bringing Elements of Referral Services to Community Care, and GMaP Region 5 program of the Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium 3P30CA015704-46S5. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Shin, Garcia, Dotson, Valderrama, Chiappe, Ramanujam, Krieger, Ásbjörnsdóttir, Barnabas, Iribarren and Gimbel. |
dc.description.abstract |
Introduction: Understanding community women's relational and financial empowerment in social entrepreneurship could be the key to scaling up community-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling programs in low- and middle-income countries. The Hope Project, social entrepreneurship in Peru, trains women (Hope Ladies) to promote HPV self-sampling among other women in their communities. This study aims to evaluate the Hope Ladies' relational and financial empowerment after participating in the program. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the Hope Ladies' experiences of empowerment in social entrepreneurship using a parallel convergent mixed methods design. The Hope Ladies participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews (n = 20) and an eight-questions five-point Likert scale survey that evaluated their relational (n = 19)/financial (n = 17) empowerment. The interview and the survey questions were developed using three empowerment frameworks: Kabeer's conceptual framework, International Center for Research on Women's economic empowerment indicators, and the Relational Leadership Theory. Deductive content analysis was used to evaluate the interviews with pre-determined codes and categories of empowerment. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the survey results. Qualitative and quantitative data were integrated through a cross-case comparison of emergent themes and corresponding survey responses during the results interpretation. Results: All Hope Ladies reported experiencing increased empowerment in social entrepreneurship. Interviews: The women reported challenges and improvement in three categories of empowerment: (1) resources (balancing between household and Hope Lady roles, recognition from the community as a resource, camaraderie with other Hope Ladies); (2) agency (increased knowledge about reproductive health, improved confidence to express themselves, and ability to speak out against male-dominant culture); and (3) achievement (increased economic assets, improved ability to make financial decisions, and widened social network and capital, and technology skills development). Survey: All (100%) agreed/totally agreed an increase in social contacts, increased unaccompanied visits to a healthcare provider (86%), improved confidence in discussing reproductive topics (100%), improved ability to make household decisions about money (57% pre-intervention vs. 92% post-intervention). Conclusions: The Hope Ladies reported improved relational and financial empowerment through participating in community-based social entrepreneurship. Future studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between empowerment and worker retention/performance to inform the scale-up of HPV self-sampling social entrepreneurship programs. |
dc.format.extent |
1731746 |
dc.format.extent |
858552 |
dc.language.iso |
en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Frontiers in Public Health; 10() |
dc.rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
dc.subject |
cervical cancer |
dc.subject |
community-based cancer screening |
dc.subject |
empowerment |
dc.subject |
HPV self-sampling |
dc.subject |
Peru |
dc.subject |
social entrepreneurship |
dc.subject |
Humans |
dc.subject |
Male |
dc.subject |
Papillomavirus Infections |
dc.subject |
Alphapapillomavirus |
dc.subject |
Entrepreneurship |
dc.subject |
Female |
dc.subject |
Papillomaviridae |
dc.subject |
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
dc.title |
Evaluation of Women's Empowerment in a Community-Based Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Social Entrepreneurship Program (Hope Project) in Peru : A Mixed-Method Study |
dc.type |
/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/article |
dc.description.version |
Peer reviewed |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.3389/fpubh.2022.858552 |
dc.relation.url |
http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133147710&partnerID=8YFLogxK |
dc.contributor.department |
Faculty of Medicine |