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Feeding black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared on organic rest streams alters gut characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

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dc.contributor.author Leeper, A.
dc.contributor.author Benhaïm, D.
dc.contributor.author Smárason, B.
dc.contributor.author Knobloch, S.
dc.contributor.author Ómarsson, K. L.
dc.contributor.author Bonnafoux, T.
dc.contributor.author Pipan, M.
dc.contributor.author Koppe, W.
dc.contributor.author Björnsdóttir, R.
dc.contributor.author Øverland, M.
dc.date.accessioned 2022-12-10T01:06:24Z
dc.date.available 2022-12-10T01:06:24Z
dc.date.issued 2022
dc.identifier.citation Leeper , A , Benhaïm , D , Smárason , B , Knobloch , S , Ómarsson , K L , Bonnafoux , T , Pipan , M , Koppe , W , Björnsdóttir , R & Øverland , M 2022 , ' Feeding black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared on organic rest streams alters gut characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) ' , Journal of Insects as Food and Feed , vol. 8 , no. 11 , pp. 1355-1372 . https://doi.org/10.3920/JIFF2021.0105
dc.identifier.issn 2352-4588
dc.identifier.other 68079769
dc.identifier.other f4333038-4fbb-48f8-a1f4-f030c5aeac57
dc.identifier.other 85141774076
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/3704
dc.description Funding Information: The authors of this study would like to acknowledge funding from EITfood project number 18157 for Metamorphosis. Thank you to the scientific support of the analytical labs at Matís, Clara Jégousse, and NMBU Aquaculture research group for valuable feedback. Thank you also to IATA EITfood Metamorphosis project partners. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Wageningen Academic Publishers
dc.description.abstract The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture industry is growing, and with it, the need to source and optimise sustainable ingredients for aquafeeds. Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) have received increasing research attention since they are a good source of protein that can efficiently convert a wide range of low-value organic material into valuable resources. This study investigated the impact of three differently processed BSF meals, an untreated BSF diet (BSFC+), a dechitinated BSF diet (BSFC-) and a fermented BSF diet (BSFC+P+) at a 10% inclusion level replacing fish meal in a fish meal control (FM) and a marine and soy protein concentrate based control diet (SPC). Growth performance, gut microbiome and gut histology of salmon fry was assessed. The inclusion and processing methods of BSF showed no adverse impacts on either growth performance or gut histology. However, the gut microbiome of fish was significantly altered by both the protein source and the processing method of the BSF larvae. Fish fed BSFC+, had an increased diversity and evenness of the community compared with conventional protein sources alone, and compared with the other BSF processing methods. However, control diets had a greater presence of lactic acid bacteria and genera associated with faster growing hosts. Fish fed BSF had a high relative abundance of the genus, Exiguobacterium, a chitin-degrading bacterium and in BSFC+P+ fed fish this bacterium completely dominated the community, indicating the presence of dysbiosis. Future studies should determine, why Exiguobacterium has dominated the community for the BSFC+P+ diet, and if it provides a digestive function to the host and identify bacteria that are indicators of optimal host performance and resilience. The results confirmed that BSF is a promising fish meal replacement for salmon, and it demonstrated that BSFC+ has a potential prebiotic impact on the gut microbiome of Atlantic salmon.
dc.description.abstract The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture industry is growing, and with it, the need to source and optimise sustainable ingredients for aquafeeds. Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) have received increasing research attention since they are a good source of protein that can efficiently convert a wide range of low-value organic material into valuable resources. This study investigated the impact of three differently processed BSF meals, an untreated BSF diet (BSFC+), a dechitinated BSF diet (BSFC-) and a fermented BSF diet (BSFC+P+) at a 10% inclusion level replacing fish meal in a fish meal control (FM) and a marine and soy protein concentrate based control diet (SPC). Growth performance, gut microbiome and gut histology of salmon fry was assessed. The inclusion and processing methods of BSF showed no adverse impacts on either growth performance or gut histology. However, the gut microbiome of fish was significantly altered by both the protein source and the processing method of the BSF larvae. Fish fed BSFC+, had an increased diversity and evenness of the community compared with conventional protein sources alone, and compared with the other BSF processing methods. However, control diets had a greater presence of lactic acid bacteria and genera associated with faster growing hosts. Fish fed BSF had a high relative abundance of the genus, Exiguobacterium, a chitin-degrading bacterium and in BSFC+P+ fed fish this bacterium completely dominated the community, indicating the presence of dysbiosis. Future studies should determine, why Exiguobacterium has dominated the community for the BSFC+P+ diet, and if it provides a digestive function to the host and identify bacteria that are indicators of optimal host performance and resilience. The results confirmed that BSF is a promising fish meal replacement for salmon, and it demonstrated that BSFC+ has a potential prebiotic impact on the gut microbiome of Atlantic salmon.
dc.format.extent 18
dc.format.extent 736140
dc.format.extent 1355-1372
dc.language.iso en
dc.relation.ispartofseries Journal of Insects as Food and Feed; 8(11)
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject Chitin
dc.subject Insects
dc.subject Microbiome
dc.subject Processing
dc.subject Salmonids
dc.subject Lax
dc.subject Fiskeldi
dc.subject Fiskafóður
dc.subject Food Science
dc.subject Insect Science
dc.title Feeding black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared on organic rest streams alters gut characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
dc.type /dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/article
dc.description.version Peer reviewed
dc.identifier.doi 10.3920/JIFF2021.0105
dc.relation.url http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141774076&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.contributor.department Aquaculture and Fish Biology
dc.contributor.school School of Business and Science


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