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Fletta eftir efnisorði "Eldfjallafræði"
Atriði 1-17 af 17
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2020-01)The Breiðdalur volcanic system, eastern Iceland, comprises of a ~600 km3 central volcano, a 30 - 40 km long dyke swarm and plateau basalts erupted from this dyke swarm. The entire volcanic system was active from 10.1 to 7.8 Ma, the central volcano was ... -
(Elsevier BV, 2020-09)Oldoinyo Lengai, located in the Gregory Rift in Tanzania, is a world-famous volcano owing to its uniqueness in producing natrocarbonatite melts and because of its extremely high CO2 flux. The volcano is constructed of highly peralkaline [PI = molar ...
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(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-06-29)The majority of Earth’s volcanic eruptions occur beneath the sea, but the limited number of direct observations and samples limits our understanding of these unseen events. Subaerial eruptions lend some insight, but direct extrapolation from the subaerial ...
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Deep-sea fragmentation style of Havre revealed by dendrogrammatic analyses of particle morphometry (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-09-30)In 2012, the eruption of deep-sea volcano Havre produced an abundance of fine ash at a depth of ~ 1000 m below sea level. In this study the 2D shapes of Havre ash grains retrieved from the seafloor were compared quantitatively with those of particles ...
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2017-07-14)The 10th century Eldgjá flood lava eruption, southern Iceland, was the most voluminous eruption on Earth in the last 1100 years, erupting up to 21.0 km3 of transitional alkali basaltic magma of rather uniform composition. While 19.7 km3 was erupted as ...
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2022-12)Post-eruptive deformation following volcanic eruptions may originate from continued magma movements, or reflect delayed and continued Earth adjustment due to co-eruptive events, often referred to as viscoelastic relaxation. Post-eruptive deformation ...
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(Elsevier BV, 2017-06)The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated ...
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(Springer Nature, 2022-01-07)Timescales of magma transfer and differentiation processes can be estimated when the magma differentiation mechanism is known. When conventional major and trace element analyses fail to distinguish between various processes of magma differentiation, ...
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2021-10)In this study, the magmatic evolution and the eruptive history of the Paka volcanic complex are investigated and its geothermal reservoir is assessed. The study comprises two parts. The first part deals with the eruptive history, magma evolution, and ...
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(Springer Nature, 2021-10-30)Morphometric analyses are based on multiparametric datasets that describe quantitatively the shapes of objects. The stochastic nature of fracture-formation processes that break up magma during explosive eruptions yields mixtures of particles that have ...
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(American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2018-01)Magma is transported in brittle rock through dikes and sills. This movement may be accompanied by the release of seismic energy that can be tracked from the Earth's surface. Locating dikes and deciphering their dynamics is therefore of prime importance ...
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(Springer Nature, 2021-12-27)Juvenile pyroclasts, especially in the ash size range, provide important information on primary fragmentation processes, i.e., initial explosive magma fragmentation, and on the state of the magma both prior to and at the point of fragmentation and ...
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(Springer Nature, 2021-12-27)The morphological and textural features of juvenile pyroclasts record crucial details on magma conditions at the time of fragmentation. Their study is therefore essential to better understand the dynamics of explosive eruptions. Unfortunately, the ...
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2017-12-18)Thermal anomalies are observed at many volcanoes, resulting from geothermal and magmatic activity, and are usually difficult to quantify since the measurement of heat fluxes from the ground to the atmosphere is subject to large uncertainties. However, ...
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(Elsevier, 2021-09)The Hofsjökull volcanic system is located at the northern border of the Hreppar microplate on the Mid-Atlantic plate boundary in Iceland, between the more active Western and Eastern volcanic zones. In this study, fractures, and faults within the fissure ...
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(University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences, 2021)Flood lavas (FL), or high magnitude (1–100 km3) basaltic fissure eruptions have a recurrence interval of 250–500 years in Iceland. These events can produce atmospheric volcanic pollution at tropospheric–stratospheric levels via their sulfur (S) emissions. ...
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(PhD-defence at University of Copenhagen, 2017-08-25)Iceland is one of the most active terrestrial volcanic regions on Earth with an average of more than 20 eruptions per century. Around 80% of all events are tephra generating explosive eruptions, but less than 10 % of all known tephra layers have been ...
Atriði 1-17 af 17