Post-eruptive deformation following volcanic eruptions may originate from continued magma movements, or reflect delayed and continued Earth adjustment due to co-eruptive events, often referred to as viscoelastic relaxation. Post-eruptive deformation ...

Arctic precipitation is predicted to increase in the coming century, due to a combination of enhanced northward atmospheric moisture transport and local surface evaporation from ice-free seas. However, large model uncertainties, limited long-term ...

Located on the mid-Atlantic ridge, Iceland has the largest volcaniclastic desert on Earth, created by glacio-fluvial processes and frequent volcanic eruptions. Due to its location along the North Atlantic Storm track, Iceland frequently experiences ...

The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated ...

As high latitude regions continue a decades-long trend of warming at roughly twice the rate of the global average, an understanding of their climatic histories becomes increasing important for predicting their future. Organic molecular proxies preserved ...

How a volcano has behaved throughout its past is a guide to its future behaviour. Detailed knowledge of what preceded eruptions from specific volcanoes, and how this can be recognised in real-time, are pivotal questions of this field. Here, the physical ...

The extent of compositional and lithological heterogeneity in Earth’s convecting mantle, caused by the recycling of oceanic and continental lithosphere, has long been a subject of interest to geochemists and geophysicists. A fundamental outstanding ...

In the 60th year after the placing of the corner stone under the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund (PPSH; Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway), a new capsule has been laid down in the vicinity of the PPSH. It is made of stainless steel, and includes five ...

The Sahara is the world's largest dust source with significant impacts on trans-Atlantic terrestrial and large-scale marine ecosystems. Contested views about a gradual or abrupt onset of Saharan aridity at the end of the African Humid Period dominate ...

The reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere is currently one of the main challenges facing humanity. One solution is carbon capture from concentrated sources and directly from the atmosphere, and long term storage in rocks. Basaltic ...